Medical Microbiology

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GeneralAspectsofFungalDisease 355

Table5. 2 Continued:OverviewoftheMostImportantMycosesinHumans

Disease Etiology Remarks

Hyalohyphomycoses
(causedbycolorless
[hyaline]molds)

Morethan 40 species
discoveredtodate,e.g.,
Fusariumspp.;
Scedosporiumspp.;
Paecilomyceslilacinus

Infectionsofcorneaandeye,
pneumonia,osteomyelitis,
arthritis,softtissueinfections,
sepsisalsopossible

Yeastmycoses
(exceptcandidiasis)

Torulopsisglabrata;
Trichosporonbeigelii;
Rhodotorulaspp.;
Malasseziafurfur,and
others

Infectionsofvariousorgansin
immunosuppressedpatients.
Sepsisalsopossible.Malassezia
furfurincathetersepsisin
neonatesandinintravenous
feedingwithlipids
Penicilliosis Penicilliummarneffei Mostfrequentopportunistic
infectioninAIDSpatientsin
SoutheastAsia.Primaryinfection
focusinlungs

Subcutaneousmycoses
Sporotrichosis Sporothrixschenckii Dimorphicfungus,ulcerous
lesionsonextremities
Chromoblastomycosis Phialophoraverrucosa
Fonseceapedrosoi
Cladosporiumcarrionii,etc.

Blackmolds.Wartlikepigmented
lesionsonextremities.Tropical
disease
Madurafoot
(mycetoma)

Madurellamycetomi
Scedosporium
apiospermum,etc.

Subcutaneousabscessesonfeet
orhands.Canalsobecausedby
bacteria(seep. 2 73).Intropics
andsubtropics

Cutaneousmycoses
Pityriasis(ortinea
versicolor)

Malasseziafurfur Surfaceinfection;relatively
harmless;pathogenisdependent
onanoutsidesourceoffatty
acids
Dermatomycoses
Tineapedis,
T.cruris,
T.capitis,
T.barbae,
T.unguinum,
T.corporis

Trichophytonspp.
Microsporumspp.
Epidermophytonspp.

Alldermatophytesarefilamen-
tousfungi(hyphomycetes).
Anthropophilic,zoophilic,
geophilicspecies.
Alwaystransmittedbydirector
indirectcontact

5

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme

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