Medical Microbiology

Table 1 2. 6 Continued:DigestiveGlandsandPeritoneum

Infection Mostimportant

pathogens

Laboratorydiagnosis

Peritonitisfollowing

peritonealdialysis

(CAPD)

Gram-positivebacteria

(60– 80 %):

Staphylococcusspp.

Streptococcusspp.

Corynebacteriumspp.

Gram-negativebacteria

(1 5 – 30 %):

Enterobacteriaceae

Pseudomonasspp.

Acinetobacterspp.

Candidaspp.(rare)

Microscopyandculture

fromcloudydialysisfluid.

Concentrationoffluid

necessary(e.g.,filtration

orcentrifugation)

Intraperitonealabscesses Usuallymixedaerobic-

anaerobicflora:

Enterobacteriaceae

Staphylococcusaureus

Gram-negative/

-positiveanaerobes

Streptococcusmilleri

Microscopyandculture

frompus(specimen

samplingduringlaparot-

omy,orpunctureif

necessary)

Protozoaninfections(liver)

Visceralleishmaniasis Leishmaniadonovani

Leishmaniainfantum

Microscopyandculture

fromlymphnodeorbone

marrowpunctate;DNA

detection;serology

Trematodeinfections

(liver,bileducts)

Schistosomosis Schistosomamansoni Microscopicaldetectionof

wormeggsinstool;serology

Fasciolosis Fasciolahepatica Microscopicaldetectionof

wormeggsinstool;serology

Opisthorchiosis

Clonorchiosis

Dicrocoeliosis

Opisthorchisspp.

Clonorchissinensis

Dicrocoeliumdendriticum

Microscopicaldetectionof

wormeggsinstool

Cestodeinfections

Echinococcosis

(liver,peritonealcavity)

Echinococcosusgranulosus

Echinococcosusmultilocularis

Serology

DigestiveGlandsandPeritoneum 643

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Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme