Medical Microbiology

Table 1 2. 12 Continued:Eyesandears

Infection Mostimportantpathogens Laboratorydiagnosis

Bacteria Staphylococcusspp.

Streptococcusspp.

Neisseriagonorrhoeae

Enterobacteriaceae

Pseudomonasspp.

Bacillusspp.

Mycobacteriumspp.

Moraxellalacunata

Actinomycesspp.

Nocardiaspp.

Microscopy(gram)andculture

foraerobicandanaerobicbac-

teriaandmycobacteriain

aqueousandvitreous

aspiration.

Chlamydiatrachomatis CellcultureorPCRinaqueous

andvitreousaspiration;

serologywithaqueoushumor

asrequired;antibodiesinblood

Treponemapallidum Serology(basicdiagnostics)

Fungi Candidaspp.

Aspergillusspp.

Blastomycesdermatitidis

Histoplasmacapsulatum

Mucorales

Sporothrixschenckii

Fusariumspp.

Trichosporonspp.

Microscopy(Gram,Giemsa)

andcultureforfungiin

aqueousandvitreous

aspiration.

Protozoa Acanthamoebaspp. Microscopyandculturing(con-

junctivalfluidandcontactlens

washingfluid),DNAdetection

Toxoplasmagondii Serology

Helminths Onchocercavolvulus Directdetectionofmicrofilariae

inaqueoushumorwithslit

lamp;serology

Toxocaracanis Serology

Taeniasolium

(ocularcysticercosis)

Serology

Eyesandears 657

12

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme