Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering, Volume I and II

TABLE 5

Oxygenates in Exhaust from Simple Hydrocarbon Fuel*

Oxygenate Concentration range (ppm)

Acetaldyde 0.8–4.9

Acrolein 0.2–5.3

Benzaldehyde 0.1–13.5

Tolualdehyde 0.1–2.6

Acetone ( propionaldehyde) 2.3–14.0

Methyl ethyl ketone 0.1–1.0

Methyl vinyl ketone ( benzene) 0.1–42.6

Acetophenone 0.1–0.4

Methanol 0.1–0.6

Ethanol 0.1–0.6

Benzofuran 0.1–2.8

Methyl formate 0.1–0.7

Nitromethane 0.8–5.0

*Reference 3

Solvent Utilization

Storage & Transport

On-Road Vehicles

Chemicals & Allied Product Mfg.

Waste Disposal & Recycling

Miscellaneous (primarily tires)

Non-Road Sources

Remaining Categories

Year

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Emission (million short tons)

FIGURE 1 Trend in volatile organic compound emissions by seven principal source categories, 1990

to 1994.

AIR POLLUTION SOURCES 77

Part 1. Pollutant Emissions (continued)

Pollutant types Sources and abundance Abatement and control

Many of the oxygenated hydrocarbons are themselves

toxic, many of them are known human carcinogens

and some, especially esters, ketones, and alcohols

are known to cause central nervous system disorders

(narcosis, etc...)

FROM STATIONARY SOURCES:

a) Design equipment to use or

consume completely the processed

material.

b) In the surface coating industry, use a

higher percent solids paint to reduce

the amount of VOC.

(continued)

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