Biology Questions and Answers
Nutrition and VitaminsDigestive System.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Vitamins
- What is a nutrient?
A nutrient is every substance the metabolism and which is acqused inuired (^)
from the diet. For example, vitamins
and essential amino acids are nutrients.
- What is the difference
between macro and
micronutrients?
The classificainto macro antion criterion od micronutrients has nf nutrientso
relation to the size of the molecule.
Macronutrients are those needed ingreat amount, for example, proteins (^)
and carbohydrates. Micronutrients are
those needed in smallvitamins. quantities, like
- According to their functions
how can nutrients be
classified?
One possiblclassificatione and utile for nutrients is the functional (^) one
that sestructural anparates thd regulatory.em into energetic,
Energetic nutrients arenergy source for the metabolism;e those used as
mainly they are the carbohydrates (but
fats aninto acetyl-d proteins can also beCoA and “cycle” the Krebs converted
cycle). Structural nutrients are those
used in the support and structure ocells and tissues; they are the aminof (^)
acids that form structural proteins, like
collagen, the membrane proteins, thecytoskeleton proteins, the contractile
proteins of the muscle tissue, etc.
Regulatory nconstitute enzymes and coenzymes outrients are those that (^) f
the homeostasis, metabolites of the
osmotic ancells and hormones; somd electrolytic equilibrium ofe amino acids, (^)
vitamins and mineral salts are part of
this group.
- What are vitamins? What
are the main vitamins needed
by humans?
Most vitamins ar(fundamental substances foe coenzymesr the (^)
enzyme functioning) that are not
produced by the organism and must beobtained from the diet.
The main vitaminsare vitamins A, C, D, E, K, the vitamins needed by humans (^)
of the B complex (including folic acid),
biotin and pantothenic acid.
- What is the difference
between water-soluble and
fat-soluble vitamins? Why can
fat-soluble vitamins cause
harm when ingested in
excess?
Water-solublsoluble in water. e vitaminsFat-soluble vitamins are those (^)
are those soluble in oil (lipids, fat).
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