Biology Questions and Answers
consecutive Schwann cell membranes
covering segments ofRanviers’ nodes appear in the a single axo n. The
intercellular space between these cells.
The myelin also contains proteins.sheath is rich in lipids but it
- What are some diseases
characterized by progressive
loss of the axonal myelin
sheath?
Multiple sclerosis iscaused by progressive destruction of the a severe disease (^)
myelin shsystem. Theath in e Guillain-the central neBarré disease rvousis (^)
due to destruction of the myelin sheath
in the peripheral nby autoimmunity (attackervous system by the own caused
immune system). The genetic deficiency
in the formation myelin sheath is an X-linkor preservation oed inheritancef the (^)
called adrenoleukodystrophy. The movie
“Lorenzo’s Oil” featured a boy with thisdisease and his father's dramatic search (^)
for treatment.
- What are meninges and
cerebrospinal fluid?
Meninges are the membranes thatenclose and protect the central nervous (^)
system (CNS). Cerebrospinal fluid is the
fluid that separates thform the meninges and it has thee three layers that
functions of nutrient transport, defense
and mechanical protection for the CNS.
The cerebrospinal fluid fills and protects
cavities of the brain and the spinal cord.
- What is the difference
between brain and cerebrum?
What are the main parts of
these structures?
The concept of brain, comprehends the cerebrum (mostlyor encephalon,
referred to as thactually the concept also includes thee hemispheres, but (^)
thalamus and the hypothalamus), the
brainstem (miand the cerebellum. Brain dbrain, pons and medulla)and spinal
cord form the central nervous system
(CNS).
- How is the cerebrum
anatomically divided?
The cerebrum is divided into twocerebral hemispheres, the right and the (^)
left. Each hemisphere is made of four
cerebral lobes: frontal lobe, parietallobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe.
Each cermatter aebral lond the white matter. Tbe contains the grayhe gray (^)
matter is the outer portion and it is
made of neuron bodies; the gray matteris also known as the cerebral cortex.
The white matter is the inner portion
and it is white where axons of the corticalbecause it is in neuronsthe region
pass.
- Which is the brain region
responsible for the
coordination and equilibrium
of the body?
In the central necerebellum is the main rvous systemcontroller theof the (^)
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