Biology Questions and Answers
Mitochondria and chloroplasts also have
their own DNA and RNA.
- Does RNA molecule have
two polynucleotide chains like
DNA?
Only DNA has two polynucleotide
chains. RNA ispolynucleotide formed by just onechain.
- What is the production of
RNA called and what is the
enzyme that catalyzes the
process?
The making contained in DNA is calleof RNA from informationd transcription. (^)
The enzyme that catalyzes the process
is the RNA polymerase.
- What are similarities and
differences between the
transcription process and the
replication processes?
A DNA polynucleotide chain serves as a
template in duplication) as wreplicationell as in transcription (DNA (^)
(RNA formation). In both processes the
pairing of the two of the original DNA molpolynucleotidecule is brokene chains
by the breaking of hydrogen bonds for
the chains to The reaction is catalyzed be exposed as temby specificplates.
enzymes in transcription replication. and in
In replication the enzyme DNA
polymerase new polynucleotidcatalyzese chain u the formation osing free f a
nucleotides in solution and putting them
in the new chain template exposed and to the rule A-T,according to the DNA
C-G. In transcription the enzyme RNA
polymerase chain accordinmakes a ng to the DNA temew polynucletideplate
exposed obeying, however, the rule A-
U, C-G.
In replication the original template DNA
chain is kept bound by hydrogen bondsto the newly formed DNA chain and a
new DNA transcription moleculthe association bee is then createtweend. In
the template DNA chain and the newly
formed RNA is undone and RNAconstituted of only one polynucle (^) otide
chain is liberated.
- What are the three main
types of RNA? What is meant
by heterogeneous RNA?
Messenger RNA, or mRNA,RNA, or tRNA, and ribosomal RNA, transfer or (^)
rRNA, are the three main types of RNA.
The newly formed RNA molecule, a
precursor heterogeneous RNAof mRNA, is called (hnRNA). (^) The
heterogenous RNA bears portions calledintrons and portions called exons. The
hnRNA is processed in many chemical
steps, introns arcreated formed only of exons, the removed and mRNAe is
biologically active nucleotide sequences.
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