Biology Questions and Answers
- Is rabies caused by virus or
by bacteria? How is it
transmitted? Which organs
and tissues are affected by the
disease? How is it prevented
and treated?
Rabies, also known as hydrophobia, is a
viral disbats and other wild mammals. Thease. It is found in dogs, cats,e
transmission to humans occurs through
the salivamainly through bites. of contaminated animals,
The rabies virus is neurotropic andattacks the central nervous system (^) in a
fast anof the disease isd lethal fashion. The prevention done by prophylactic
vaccination of animals and humans. The
treatmcontaining sent is done by anti-rabies sepecific antibodies againstrum
the virus.
- What is the difference
between smallpox (variola)
and measles?
Smallpox measles. Smallpox is transmitted bis a viral infection like (^) y
respiratory secretioobjects in contact with cons, saliva andntaminated (^)
patients.the appearance o The disease is characterizef numerous vesiclesd by on
the skin of the face, trunk and limbs,
that can smallpox comsuppurate plicationsand form crusts; can lead to
death. Measles is transmitted by saliva
drops and respiratory is characterized by exanthems (secretions too. red It
spots on the skin), fever, malaise and
lymphadenomegaly (lymphnodes). If not treated enlargedmeasles (^)
complications can cause death.
Smallpox killed thousands of people
around the world in the end of the 19thcentury and the beginning of the 20th
century but today it is almost eradicated
by vaccination.great fear is the possibility Nowadays h of use ofowever a
smallpox virus in biological weapons and
by bioterrorists.eradicated and affects millions o Measles is not (^) f people
each year. Both diseases can be
prevented by vaccination.
- What are the three main
types of viral hepatitis?
There are many The most important etypes opidemiolof viral hgicallyepatitis.
are hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis
C. - What are the modes of
transmission, main signs and
symptoms and treatments of
hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A is an acute disease of low
mortality caused (an RNA virus). It is transmitted bby the hepatitis A virusy
fecal-oral route often through
contaminationand sea-food. The virus attacks of foods like vegetables the liver (^)
and its incu15 and 45 days. After incubation bation period varies betweenthe
symptoms are fever, headache,
abdominal pain, malaise,vomiting and the main signs are nausea and
jaundice, hepatomegaly (enlargement of
the liver) excessive bile in blood). Blood and darkened urine (due totests
show increased levels of hepatic
enzymes caused by injuries to liver
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