Bubble chart, 84
Bubble plots, creating, 110–117
C
Calculated criteria, 56
Calculated values, using, 62–63
Categorical variables. See
Qualitative or categorical
variables
Categories
breaking histogram into, 143–146
breaking scatter plot into,
117–120
grouping, 300–302
removing from PivotTable,
280–282
Causality, correlation and, 336–337
C charts, 504–506
command, 562
Cells, 6, 14
active, 15
ANOVA and, 411
cut and paste, 17
moving, 16–17
range, 15, 51–53
references, 14, 16, 50
selecting, 14–16
Center line, 490
Center, measures of, 154–158
Centering, 41–42
Central Limit Theorem, 212–217
Charts/Chart Wizard. See also
Boxplots; Control charts; Pivot
tables; specifi c chart types
and axis titles, 94–97
commands, 557–567, 580
creating bubble plots, 110–117,
560
data points, identifying, 105–110
editing charts, 91–105
editing plot symbols, 102–105
enlarging, 92–93
gridlines and legends, 100–102
introduction, 82–85
moving to a chart sheet, 93–94
Pareto, 513–516, 567
resizing and moving, 91–93
scatter plots, 86–91, 117–120
sheets, 10, 33, 84–85
types of, 83–84
variables, plotting, 120–123
XBAR, 565
Chart sheet, 93
Chi-square statistic, Pearson
breaking down, 297
defi ned, 293
validity with small frequencies,
299–302
working with X^2 distribution,
293–295
Coeffi cient(s)
defi ned, 314
of determination, 322
multiple regression and, 359–360
Pearson Correlation, 336
prediction equation and, 361–362
Spearman’s rank correlation, 337
t tests for, 362–363
Collinearity, 375
Column(s)
chart, 83
Create command, 554
headings, 6
manipulating commands,
554–556
Stacking command, 555
Two-way table command, 554
Unstacking command, 555
Commands, running, 7–9
Common causes, 489
Common fi elds, 68
Comparison criteria, 56
Conclusions, drawing, 385
Conditional Sample command, 556
Cone chart, 84
Confi dence intervals
calculating, 228–229
defi ned, 225
interpreting, 229–232
Sign test and, 253–255
z test statistic and z values,
225–228
Constant estimators, 205
Constant term, 314
Constant variance
autocorrelation function and, 441
in residuals, testing for, 332
Context-sensitive ribbons, 9
Contingency measure, 298
Continuity adjusted chi-square,
298, 306
Continuous probability
distributions, 186–187
Continuous random variable, 189,
190
Continuous variables, 130, 131
Control charts
attributes, 493
C-, 504–506, 562
defi ned, 490
false-alarm rate, 494
generic QC, 566
hypothesis testing and, 492–493
individual, 509–512, 563
P-, 506–509, 563
Pareto, 513–516, 567
range, 502–504, 564S-, 566
subgroups, 493
upper and lower control
limits, 490
variable, 493
x, 493–502, 565
XBAR, 565
Controlled variation, 489, 490
Correlation. See also
Autocorrelation function
causality and, 336–337
command, 526
defi ned, 335
functions in Excel, 337–338
matrix, command, 574
matrix, creating, 338–343,
374–375
multiple, 359–360
Pearson Correlation coeffi cient,
336
p values with Bonferroni,
342–343
scatter plot matrix, creating,
343–345
slope and, 336
Spearman’s rank correlation
coeffi cient, 337
two-valued variable and, 342
Covariance command, 527
Cramer’s V, 298
Critical values, 234
Cut, cells, 17
Cyclical autocorrelation, 443–444
Cylinder chart, 84D
Data
Autofi ll used to enter, 37–39
balanced, 419
creating, 552–553
discrimination, 377–378
entering, 36–41
formats, 41–45
formulas and functions and, 45–50
importing from databases, 68–75
importing from text fi les, 63–68
inserting new, 40–41
paired, 244
querying, 55–63
Sample command, 556–557
series, 84
sorting, 54–55, 71–75
Standardize command, 556
tab, 9
two-sample, 259–264
Data Analysis ToolPak. See
Analysis Toolpak/Data Analysis
ToolPak590 Index