derived one important lesson from his adventures: in the pursuit of any one
ideal, it is disastrous to lose sight of all the others.
ThisHandbookis not organized around categories such as utilitarianism,
communitarianism, or libertarianism, and though it also notes the continuing
elusiveness of egalitarianism, it does not promote any single ideal. TheHand-
bookseeks, instead, to reXect the pluralism of contemporary political theory,
a pluralism we regard as a key feature and major strength of theWeld. In this
introduction, we clarify what we understand by political theory, identify major
themes and developments over recent decades, and take stock of the contem-
porary condition of theWeld. We end with an explanation of the categories
through which we have organized the contributions to theHandbook.
1WhatisPoliticalTheory?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
Political Theory is an interdisciplinary endeavor whose center of gravity lies
at the humanities end of the happily still undisciplined discipline of political
science. Its traditions, approaches, and styles vary, but theWeld is united by a
commitment to theorize, critique, and diagnose the norms, practices, and
organization of political action in the past and present, in our own places and
elsewhere. Across what sometimes seem chasms of diVerence, political the-
orists share a concern with the demands of justice and how to fulWll them, the
presuppositions and promise of democracy, the divide between secular and
religious ways of life, and the nature and identity of public goods, among
many other topics.
Political theorists also share a commitment to the humanistic study of
politics (although with considerable disagreement over what that means),
and a skepticism towards the hegemony sometimes sought by our more self-
consciously ‘‘scientiWc’’ colleagues. In recent years, and especially in the USA,
the study of politics has become increasingly formal and quantitative. Indeed,
there are those for whom political theory, properly understood, would be
formal theory geared solely towards theexplanationof political phenomena,
where explanation is modeled on the natural sciences and takes the form
of seeking patterns and oVering causal explanations for events in the
human world. Such approaches have been challenged—most recently by
4 john s. dryzek, bonnie honig & anne phillips