chapter 39
...................................................................................................................................................NEW
TECHNOLOGIES,
JUSTICE, AND THE
BODY
...................................................................................................................................................cØcile fabre
1 Introduction
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
Theories of justice diVer from one another on the extent to which redistri-
bution should take place, but they agree that justice requires of some indi-
viduals that they transfer material resources to some other individuals who
are needier, or worse oV. (For the view that the needy ought to be helped, see
Anderson 1999 ; Frankfurt 1987 ; Gewirth 1996 ; Harris 1987 ; Jacobs 1993 ; Nuss-
baum 2000. For the view that the worse oVhave such a claim, see Arneson
1989 ; Cohen 1989 ; Dworkin 2000 ; Rawls 1999 .) Moreover, in line with liber-
tarians as well as many a liberal proponent of reproductive rights in general
and abortion in particular (e.g. Thomson 1971 ), proponents of coercive
taxation for the purpose of helping the needy, or worse oV, take it for granted,
without argument, that all individuals have a very strong right to bodily
integrity. When faced with the libertarian objection that coercive taxation