Physical Chemistry Third Edition

J Symbols Used in This Book 1307

Symbol Quantity

Zij Total rate of collisions per unit volume of molecules of substance

iwith molecules of substancej

α Coefficient of thermal expansion

αL Coefficient of linear thermal expansion

α,α′ Critical exponent for the heat capacity

α Parameter in Debye–Hückel theory

α Angle of rotation of polarized light

[α] Specific rotation

α Transfer coefficient or symmetry factor

α Degree of elongation of a sample of rubber

β Critical exponent for the density

β Parameter in Debye–Hückel theory

γ Surface or interfacial tension

γi Activity coefficient of substancei

γ± Mean ionic activity coefficient

∆ Symbol for a difference or an increment

ε 0 Permittivity of the vacuum

ε Permittivity of a medium

εrel Dielectric constant of a medium

ζ Reaction coordinate

ζ Configuration integral

η Efficiency or coefficient of performance

η Viscosity coefficient

ηsp Specific viscosity

[η] Intrinsic viscosity

η Overpotential

θ Thermodynamic temperature

θ Angle coordinate in spherical polar coordinates

θ Contact angle

θ Fraction of a surface covered by adsorbed molecules

Θ(θ) Angular factor in an atomic wave function

ΘD Debye temperature

ΘE Debye temperature

κS Adiabatic compressibility

κT Isothermal compressibility

κ Parameter in Debye–Hückel theory, reciprocal of Debye length

κ Thermal conductivity

λ Mean free path

λi(j) Mean free path between collisions of a molecule of substance

iwith molecules of substancej

λ Wavelength

μ Magnetic moment

μ 0 Permeability of a vacuum

Λi Molar conductivity of substance

μ Reduced mass

μ Mean value of a distribution

μi Chemical potential of componenti

μ◦i Chemical potential of componentiin a standard state

(continued)