1362 Index
Excess enthalpy, 277
Excess entropy, 277
Excess Gibbs energy, 277
Exchange current, of electrodes, 600
Excited states
of helium atom, 772–773, 803–805, 804f
of homonuclear diatomic molecules, 850
probability densities for, 773
Excluded volume
in hard-sphere gas, 423, 423f
in polymer formation, 1197
Exothermic reaction, 86
Expanded functions, 694
Expanding by minors, determinants,
1251–1252
Expansion coefficients
of functions, 694
polymers, 1198
Expansion processes, work in, 46–47
Expectation values, 696–710
in hydrogen atom, 749–753
orbital normalization, 749–751
radial distribution function, 751–753
normalization, 697–698
position measurements, 699–700
predictable case and statistical case,
698–699
distinguishing, 705–707
probabilities and probability densities,
700–705, 701–704f
of wave function, 697
wave functions not energy eigenfunctions,
707–710
Exponential Fourier series, 1255
Extended Hückel method, of computational
chemistry, 904–905
Extended variation theorem, 803
Extensive variables, 13–14
Extent reaction, 304–305
External pressure, in closed fluid system, 42
Extinction coefficient.SeeAbsorptivity
Extraction, of solutes, 251–252
Eyring, Henry, 1109
F.SeeFaraday’s constant
F.SeeElectrostatic force
f subshell, 742
Face-centered lattice, 1155t, 1156, 1156f
Factor-label method, 9
Faltung theorem, 1256
Faraday, Michael, 352, 596
Faraday’s constant (F), 352
Fast Fourier transform (FFT), 970
FEMO.SeeFree-electron molecular
orbital method
Fermi contact interaction, 1011
Fermi, Enrico, 767
Fermi level, free-electron theory, 1176–1177
Fermions, 767, 930, 1173–1174, 1173f, 1175
Ferromagnetism, of crystalline solids,
1174–1175, 1175f
Feynman, Richard P., 1205
FFT.SeeFast Fourier transform
Fick, Adolf, 446
Fick’s law of diffusion, 446–447, 1189
in bimolecular processes, 529
Fick’s second law of diffusion, 449–452,
450–451f
FID.SeeFree induction decay
Fifth postulate, of quantum mechanics,
683, 717–720, 722
Fifth-order bonds, 880
First harmonic.SeeFundamental wave
First ionization potential, 807,
816–817, 816f
First law of thermodynamics.See
Thermodynamics, first law of
First overtone, 634, 635f, 966
First postulate, of quantum mechanics,
683–684, 721
First-order phase transitions,
216–217, 217f
First-order reactions, 489–491
gaseous unimolecular elementary
process, 527
half-life of, 490, 496
heterogenously catalyzed, 570
method of initial rates, 497, 497f
polymerization, 591
pseudo, 504
rate law for, 489–490, 495, 495f
second-ordervs., 493, 493f
First-order spectrum, NMR, 1018
Flash photolysis method, for fast reaction
study, 516, 517f
Flexible string, 631–636
frequency of, 634, 635f
properties of, 631
separation constant of, 632
state of, 631
superposition of harmonics of, 636, 636f
trial solution for, 631–632velocity of, 633–634
wave function of, 633
derivation of, 1268–1269, 1269f
wavelength for, 634
Flow techniques, for fast reaction study,
515, 516f
Flow velocity, 443
Fluorescence, 978–980, 980f
Fluorine, hydrogen reaction with, 613–614
Fock, Vladimir Aleksandrovich, 798
Forbidden transition, of dipole moment, 953
Formula unit, 9
Forward rate constant, 1106–1107
Forward rate, of chemical reactions, 486
Forward reactions
with more than one reactant, 499–505
method of initial rates, 502–504
method of isolation, 504–505
rate law integration, 499–502
with one reactant, 488–497
first-order, 489–491
nth-order, 493–494
reaction order determination, 494–497,
495f, 497f
second-order, 491–493
zero-order, 494
rate of, 486
Fourier coefficients, for wave equation,
635–636
Fourier cosine series, 1254
Fourier cosine transform, 1256
Fourier integral.SeeFourier transform
Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph, 445, 635
Fourier series, 1253–1255
Fourier sine series, 1254
for wave equation, 635
Fourier sine transform, 1256
Fourier transform, 969, 1255–1256
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, of
diatomic molecules, 969–971, 969f
Fourier transform NMR spectrometers, 1014
Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy,
1024–1032, 1032
spin-echo technique, 1026–1027f,
1026–1028
two-dimensional, 1028–1032, 1028–1033f
Fourier’s law of heat conduction, 445–446
Fourth postulate, of quantum mechanics, 683,
696–710, 721–722
distinguishing predictable case from
statistical case, 705–707