SURVEY RESEARCHBlacks down or that Blacks do not have the power to
effect change.
- Sudman et al. (1996:74–76).
- See Bateson (1984), Clark and Schober (1992),
Foddy (1993), Lessler (1984), and Turner (1984). - From Turner and Martin (1984:276).
- See Briggs (1986), Cicourel (1982), and Mishler
(1986) for critiques of survey research interviewing. - For additional discussion of ordinary conversation
and survey interviews, see Beatty (1995), Conrad and
Schober (2000), Groves el al. (1992), Moore (2004),
Schaeffer (2004), Schober and Conrad (2004), Smith
(1984), and Suchman and Jordan (1992). - On cognitive interviews, see Conrad and Blair
(2009), Willis, (2004, 2005), and van der Zouwen and
Smit (2004).
75. See Maynard et al. (2002), Maynard and Schaeffer
(2004), Moore (2004), Schaeffer (2004), Schober and
Conrad (2004), and Willis (2005) on pilot testing
methods such as the cognitive interview and related
techniques.
76. For a discussion of ethical concerns specific to sur-
vey research, see Backstrom and Hursh-Cesar (1981:
46–50), Fowler (1984:135–144), Frey (1983:177–185),
Kelman (1982:79–81), Marsh (1982:125–146), Miller
(1983:47–96), Reynolds (1982:48–57), and Weisberg
(2005:311-324). The use of informed consent is dis-
cussed in Singer and Frankel (1982) and in Sobal (1984).
77. On reporting survey results in the media, see
Channels (1993) and MacKeun (1984).
78. See Singer (1988).
79. From Turner and Martin (1984:62).