Basic Mathematics for College Students

Preface xvii

• Using Your Calculatoris an optional feature (formerly called Calculator
  Snapshots) that is designed for instructors who wish to use calculators as part
  of the instruction in this course. This feature introduces keystrokes and
  shows how scientific and graphing calculators can be used to solve problems.
  In the Study Sets,icons are used to denote problems that may be solved using
  a calculator.

CHANGES TO THE TABLE OF CONTENTS

Based on feedback from colleagues and users of the third edition, the following
changes have been made to the table of contents in an effort to further streamline
the text and make it even easier to use.

• The Chapter 1 topics have been expanded and reorganized:
  1.1An Introduction to the Whole Numbers(expanded coverage of
  rounding and integrated estimation)
  1.2Adding Whole Numbers(integrated estimation)
  1.3Subtracting Whole Numbers(integrated estimation)
  
  
  1. 4 Multiplying Whole Numbers(integrated estimation)
     1.5Dividing Whole Numbers(integrated estimation)
     1.6Problem Solving(new five-step problem-solving strategy is
     introduced)
     1.7Prime Factors and Exponents
  
  
  2. 8 The Least Common Multiple and the Greatest Common Factor
     (new section)
     1.9Order of Operations
  
  
  
  


• In Chapter 2 The Integers,there is added emphasis on problem-solving.


• In Chapter 3 Fractions and Mixed Numbers,the topics of the least common
  multiple are revisited as this applies to fractions and there is an added
  emphasis on problem-solving.


• The concept of estimation is integrated into Section 4.4 Dividing Decimals.
  Also, there is an added emphasis on problem solving.


• The chapter Ratio, Proportion, and Measurementhas been moved up to
  precede the chapter Percentso that proportions can be used to solve percent
  problems.


• Section 6.2 Solving Percent Problems Using Equations and Proportionshas
  two separate objectives, giving instructors a choice in approach.

SECTION 6.

Solving Percent Problems Using

Percent Equations and Proportions

The articles on the front page of the newspaper on the right illustrate three types of

percent problems.

Type 1In the labor article, if we want to know

how many union members voted to accept the

new offer, we would ask:

Type 2In the article on drinking water, if we

want to know what percent of the wells are

safe, we would ask:

Type 3In the article on new appointees, if we

want to know how many members are on the

State Board of Examiners, we would ask:

6 is 75% of what number?

38 is what percent of 40?

What number is 84% of 500?

Objectives

PERCENT EQUATIONS

1 Translate percent sentences to percent equations.

2 Solve percent equations to find the amount.

3 Solve percent equations to find the percent.

4 Solve percent equations to find the base.

PERCENT PROPORTIONS

1 Write percent proportions.

2 Solve percent proportions to find the amount.

3 Solve percent proportions to find the percent.

4 Solve percent proportions to find the base.

5 Read circle graphs.

Circulation Monday, March 23 50 cents

Transit Strike Averted!

Drinking Water38 of 40 Wells

Declared Safe

500-member unionLabor: 84% of

votes to acceptnew offer

New Appointees

These six area residentsnow make up 75% of the

State Board of Examiners