Programming in C

440 Appendix A C Language Summary

An expression of any type other than voidthat identifies a data object is called an

lvalue. If it can be assigned a value, it is known as a modifiable lvalue.

Modifiable lvalue expressions are required in certain places.The expression on the

left-hand side of an assignment operator must be a modifiable lvalue. Furthermore, the

increment and decrement operators can only be applied to modifiable lvalues, as can the

unary address operator &(unless it’s a function).

5.1 Summary of C Operators

Ta b le A.5 summarizes the various operators in the C language.These operators are listed

in order of decreasing precedence. Operators grouped together have the same prece-

dence.

Ta ble A.5 Summary of C Operators

Operator Description Associativity

() Function call

[] Array element reference

-> Pointer to structure member reference Left to right

. Structure member reference

• Unary minus

• Unary plus
  ++ Increment
  -- Decrement
  ! Logical negation
  ~ Ones complement Right to left

• Pointer reference (indirection)
  & Address
  sizeof Size of an object
  (type)Type cast (conversion)


• Multiplication
  / Division Left to right
  % Modulus

• Addition Left to right

• Subtraction
  << Left shift Left to right

  
  

  
  

  Right shift
  < Less than
  <= Less than or equal to Left to right
  Greater than
  => Greater than or equal to

  
  

  
  

  
  

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