Security Council, 241, 242, 246–250, 256, 257
Self-defense, 130, 140–141
Servitude, 74, 85, 87, 97
Socio-economic rights, 177, 277–278
Source of law, 10, 23–25, 28, 32, 34, 35, 234
Source of origin, 23–25, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36
Source of (legal) validity, 5, 18, 23–28, 32–
36, 320
Sources of international law, 252–253, 267,
280
Sources thesis, 24, 28
Sovereign equality, 161, 245–246, 257
Sovereignty
external, 159, 161–165, 229, 230, 244–245
internal, 159–161, 163, 165, 227–230, 238,
244–245, 256, 264
limitation of, 227–239
Specificity, principle of, 87–88
Specific protection, 91–92
Spillover, 212, 213, 227, 238, 264
Standing, 11, 81, 159, 205–206, 208, 214, 244,
256, 297, 302–303, 309
Stare decisis, 10, 11, 26, 33, 35, 318
State
centralized, 30, 37, 38, 125, 145, 149, 158,
159, 165–169, 190, 255, 290
decentralized, 167, 318
unitary, 167, 168, 191, 231
Statehood, 160–162, 245
State of nature, 331–333
Subsidiarity, 216, 224–225, 235–236, 247,
249, 250, 252
Subsumption, 131, 134, 320
Supranational, 29, 52–55, 150, 179, 212, 214,
215, 235, 238
T
Tangible, 71, 74, 77, 129
Threat, 63–64, 98, 122, 127, 133, 145, 168,
177, 181, 211, 228, 237, 248–250, 254,
265, 321, 329
Title, 13, 74, 78, 80–83, 89, 94, 96, 97, 304,
315
Tort, 41, 46, 70, 91, 92, 101–103, 105, 106
Tort law, functions of, 103–106
Torture, 20, 45, 148, 166, 177, 255, 258, 266,
272, 274–276, 282, 283, 307
Tragedy of the commons, 74
Transfer, consensual system of, 89, 95, 98
Transformation, 211, 230–231, 236, 241, 242,
259
Transitional justice, 285
Treaty, 15, 19–21, 23, 24, 28, 31–32, 34, 38,
54, 62, 162–165, 190, 211, 212,
215–219, 226, 232, 234–237, 242–248,
251–255, 258, 259, 261, 278, 280, 288,
292, 302, 311, 313, 315, 318, 324
Treaty of Amsterdam, 216
Treaty of Lisbon, 215, 216, 218, 237
Treaty of Nice, 216
Treaty on European Union, 20, 31, 38, 54, 164,
215, 216, 318
Trial, 121, 144, 146–148, 150–153, 257, 258,
292, 297, 298, 306, 307
Trias politica, 29, 38, 169, 173, 192, 194, 196,
199, 207, 208
Trust, 12, 81–82, 139, 308
Twelve tables, 7, 122U
Unidroit principles of International
Commercial Contracts, 21, 55
United Nations, 2, 19, 20, 30, 31, 54, 161, 162,
241–243, 245–250, 255–257, 264, 266,
268, 274, 275, 277, 283, 285
Universal Declaration of Human rights, 20, 30,
176, 243, 251, 259, 261, 264, 266, 270,
271, 288
Universality principle, 254–255
Universal jurisdiction, 255, 257–258
Unlawfulness, 46, 71, 102, 106, 108–109, 111,
118, 123, 140, 159, 173–174, 176, 198,
201–203, 207, 242
Usufruct, 72, 84, 87, 90, 91, 97
Usus, 34–35
Utilitarian theory of punishment, 126–128V
Validity, 26, 66, 89, 178–180, 221, 316–317,
319, 335
Van Binsbergen case, 226
Van Gend & Loos case, 223–224, 231, 234,
235
Vindication, 78, 81, 88, 91, 94
Voluntarism, 164, 253, 327W
Warsaw Pact, 211
Welfare state, 122, 189–190, 192
Westphalian duo, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 229,
231, 241
Wrongfulness, 70, 102–105, 107, 114, 117,
119, 120, 122, 123, 130, 131, 138,
140, 141344 Index