Sustainable Urban Planning

The construct given in box 2.1, Traditional and radical operational formats

exhibits notional outcomes for both ‘traditional-lineal planning’ and ‘radical-

multiplex planning’ practice. The four-option construct depicts the same kilo-

metre square (approximating the North American quarter-square) of humanized

rural landscape which has, as a consequence of land title allocations, been settled

(as shown in the lead-in depiction) by a forester, an orchardist and a

horticulturalist, each separately holding an equal-valueland parcel.

The ‘traditional’ rearrangement shown as ‘B’ in the construct is an adjustment

of land usage which has forestry, orcharding and horticulture zoned in north to

south for the appropriate Class I, Class III, and Class V soil-type tracts in a ‘sci-

entifically’ ordained way. In this format the zoning depicted is clearly related to

the intended outcome, even though the orchardist does not know how to culti-

vate a horticultural patch, or to manage a forestry tract. And, of course, the hor-

ticulturalist and the forester are similarly bemused because of their lack of those

other enabling skills. It is in these terms that the ‘traditional (means – ends lineal

zoning) plan’ although rationally correct, does not work out in practice.

Turning to the ‘radical’ (or reform) work-around solutions we see that in

Option ‘C’ the owners – the horticulture, orchard and forester families – have

pooled their equal-valued landholdings with a view to achieving the enablement

46 Principles

Traditional theories Radical theories

Development-led Community-concerned

Target (selective) Comprehensive

Master-lineal (blueprint) Multiplex (hi-med-lo options)

Determinist ̈Corporate

Programmed Æ Utopian

Orthogonal (technocratic) Organic (reformist)

Safety net Innovative

Conservative Revolutionary

Resource strategic Æ Socially transforming

Iterative Æ Parallel

Physical science Social science

Policy analysis Æ Cybernetics

Land-use planning Social provision

LocalÆ ̈Regional

One option (fixed) Variety (flexible)

Fringe theories

Action theory Negotiation theories

Adversary theory Underground theories

Advocacy theory Mediation theory

Incrementalist theory Mixed scanning theory

(The placement of an arrow Æor ̈is indicative of a theory inclining

toward the other ‘radical’ or ‘traditional’ category.)

Figure 2.2 The planning franchise: a listing