Notes to Pages 278-282 485- Hamann, Briefwechsel, V, pp. I2()i. He also reported: "but the title has not yet been
formulated" and then that Kant wanted to send something "on Beauty" to the Berlin
Monatsschrift. See also his letter to Hartknoch, March 14, 1784 (p. 131). - Hamann, Briefwechsel,^, pp. 134, 141.
- Several scholars have argued that Garve's Cicero was actually important to Kant
in dealing with fundamental issues. The most extensive argument to this effect is
to be found in Carlos Melches Gibert, Der Einfluss Christian Garve's Übersetzung
Ciceros "De Officiis" auf Kants "Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten''' (Regens¬
burg: S. RödererVerlag, 1994). - See Gregory Desjardins, "The Terms of De Officiis in Hume and Kant," Journal
of the History of Ideas 28 (1967), pp. 237-242. Desjardins is following the lead
of Klaus Reich, Kant und die Ethik der Griechen (Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr [Paul
Siebeck], 1935); translated by W. H. Walsh as "Kant and Greek Ethics," Mind 48
(1939). Reich is criticized by Pierre Laberge in his "Du passage de la Philosophie
Moral Populaire a la Metaphysique des Moers," Kant-Studien 71 (1980), pp. 416-
444- - Cicero, On Duties, ed. M. T. Griffin and E. M. Atkins (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1991), p. 6. - Cicero, On Duties, p. 6.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 7.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 59.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 9.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 21.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 62.
- Cicero, On Duties, p. 43.
- Christian Garve, Eigene Betrachtungen über die allgemeinen Grundsätze der Sittenlehre.
Ein Anhang zu der Übersicht der verschiedenen Moralsysteme (Breslau, 1798), p. 265.
Garve's Übersicht der vornehmsten Principien der Sittenlehre von dem Zeitalter des
Aristotles an bis auf unsere Zeit... (Breslau, 1798) contained also an extensive (and
interesting) discussion of Kant's "system" (pp. 183-318). It was dedicated to Kant.
Kraus called it "the best presentation of the Kantian system from the point of view
of bon sens" (Kraus in Reicke, Kantiana, p. 53). - See Chapter 1 of this volume, pp. 26-31.
- Wasianski, Kant, p. 245.
- Ak 6, pp. 236, 464.
- Kant, Practical Philosophy, p. 45 (Ak 4, p. 389).
- He seemed more positive in his lectures on anthropology, claiming that "a more
subtle, or well-understood concept of honor or a correct concept of honor can
amount to the best analogon of a good character, even if, by itself, itisn't." But this
really is no more than a change in emphasis. He still holds that any behavior that
is merely based on honor, being concerned with appearances, not with reality, falls
short of true moral worth. Though it may be behavior in accordance with duty, it
has no moral worth. - Frederick, Anti-Machiavel. I use the translation of Epstein, The Genesis of German
Conservatism, p. 342.