mother  and father  having  intercourse.”   Clearly this    was what    the angel
had foretold—“something tremendously    important   to  the future  of
mankind.”   Hubbard realized    it  was up  to  him to  bring   the new gospel  of
LSD,    and the chemical    itself, to  as  many    people  as  he  possibly    could.  He
had been    given   what    he  called  a   “special    chosen  role.”
Thus    began   Al  Hubbard’s   career  as  the Johnny  Appleseed   of  LSD.
Through his extensive   connections in  both    government  and business,   he
persuaded   Sandoz  Laboratories    to  give    him a   mind-boggling   quantity    of
LSD—a   liter   bottle  of  it, in  one account,    forty-three cases   in  another,    six
thousand    vials   in  a   third.  (He reportedly  told    Albert  Hofmann he  planned
to  use it  “to liberate    human   consciousness.”)    Depending   on  whom    you
believe,    he  kept    his supply  hidden  in  a   safe-deposit    box in  Zurich  or
buried  somewhere   in  Death   Valley, but a   substantial part    of  it  he  carried
with    him in  a   leather satchel.    Eventually, Hubbard became  the exclusive
distributor of  Sandoz  LSD in  Canada  and,    later,  somehow secured an
Investigational New Drug    permit  from    the FDA allowing    him to  conduct
clinical    research    on  LSD in  the United  States—this even    though  he  had a
third-grade education,  a   criminal    record, and a   single, arguably
fraudulent  scientific  credential. (His    PhD had been    purchased   from    a
diploma mill.)  Seeing  himself as  “a  catalytic   agent,” Hubbard would
introduce   an  estimated   six thousand    people  to  LSD between 1951    and
1966,   in  an  avowed  effort  to  shift   the course  of  human   history.
Curiously,  the barefoot    boy from    Kentucky    was something   of  a
mandarin,   choosing    as  his subjects    leading figures in  business,
government, the arts,   religion,   and technology. He  believed    in  working
from    the top down    and disdained   other   psychedelic evangelists,    like
Timothy Leary,  who took    a   more    democratic  approach.   Members of
Parliament, officials   of  the Roman   Catholic    Church,*    Hollywood   actors,
government  officials,  prominent   writers and philosophers,   university
officials,  computer    engineers,  and prominent   businessmen were    all
introduced  to  LSD as  part    of  Hubbard’s   mission to  shift   the course  of
history from    above.  (Not    everyone    Hubbard approached  would   play:   J.
Edgar   Hoover, whom    Hubbard claimed as  a   close   friend, declined.)
Hubbard believed    that    “if he  could   give    the psychedelic experience  to  the
major   executives  of  the Fortune 500 companies,” Abram   Hoffer  recalled,
“he would   change  the whole   of  society.”   One of  the executives  Hubbard
turned  on  in  the late    1950s—Myron Stolaroff,  assistant   to  the president
                    
                      frankie
                      (Frankie)
                      
                    
                #1
            
            