FUNCTIONSPigeon``````Raven``````Gray parrot``````Capuchin monkey
NEURON DENSITYPallium neurons (in millions) per brain gram0 40 80 120``````Brain stem``````Cerebellum``````Subpallium``````Pallium``````Subpallium``````Brain stem``````Neocortex(Pallium)``````Cerebellum``````White-faced capuchin&HEXVFDSXFLQXV``````Common raven&RUYXVFRUD[``````1.6 g``````9.3 g``````2.5 g``````0.2 g``````2.2 g``````Common cuckoo&XFXOXVFDQRUXV Chicken*DOOXVJDOOXVGRPHVWLFXV``````Great blue heron$UGHDKHURGLDV``````Annaâshummingbird&DO\SWHDQQD``````Common pigeon&ROXPEDOLYLD56 %
63%43 %48 %53%4 TH6 TH 8 TH 7 TH``````Higher-order thinking; cognition``````Cardiac and respiratory processes``````Cognition and spatial orientation; controlof voluntary movements``````Chickens canât be rat-ed for innovativenessbecause domesticationalters behavior.
Some species learn vocal-izations that can then beused in social interactions.Some species engage incomplex social relation-ships within groups.``````Some birds are even ableto recall episodic experi-ences from the past.``````Some birds engage in playÆJKWLQJRURWKHUIRUPVRIsocial play.
The forebrainâs pallium and subpallium regionsâresponsible for higher-order functionâevolvedGLÆHUHQWO\LQELUGVDQGPDPPDOV%LUGVÅ EUDLQVare smaller but more densely packed with neu-rons, the cells responsible for cognition.Intellectual heavyweightsMONICA SERRANO, NGM STAFF; MESA SCHUMACHERSOURCES: ANDREW IWANIUK, UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA; PAVEL NEMEC, CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE; CHET SHERWOOD, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY; LOUIS LEFEBVRE, MCGILL UNIVERSITYVOCAL LEARNING SOCIALIZING REMEMBERING PLAYING
martin jones
(Martin Jones)
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