0071643192.pdf

HEAD, EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT

EMERGENCIES

COMPLICATIONS

■ Myocarditis, cardiac dysrhythmias seen after 1–2 weeks of illness

■ Neurologic toxicity: Facial, pharyngeal paralysis, proximal extremity muscle

weakness

■ Aspiration, septicemia

■ Mortality rate of 5–10%

DENTAL EMERGENCIES

NUMBERINGTEETH

■ Primary/deciduous teeth (from about 8–12 years old)

■ Top (going right to left) A–J

■ Bottom (going left to right) J–T

■ Secondary/permanent teeth

■ Top (going right to left) 1–16

■ Bottom (going left to right) 17–32

Hint:If unsure, use AP X-ray to evaluate for a nonerupted developing perma-

nent tooth.

Dental Caries/Pulpitis

SYMPTOMS/EXAM

■ Dull pain worsened with stimuli

■ If tenderness with percussion or fever, consider pulpitis or abscess.

■ Usually associated with poor hygiene

■ May have referred pain to ear, eye, temple, or neck

TREATMENT

■ Dental blocks or other analgesics

■ Antibiotics

■ Dental referral

COMPLICATIONS

These apply for almost all dental space infections:

■ Ludwig angina

■ Abscess formation

■ Associated facial cellulitis/abscess

■ Intracranial invasion

■ Descending necrotizing mediastinitis

■ Airway compromise

Pericoronitis

ETIOLOGY

Gingival flap gets inflamed due to food impaction over a partially erupted or

impacted tooth. Usually involves the gums over a partially erupted third

(last) molar.