CHAPTER 2
Cardiovascular
Emergencies
Gregory W. Burcham, MD, FACEP and Jonathan Claud, MD
ECG Essentials 67
CONDUCTIONBLOCKS 67
VENTRICULARHYPERTROPHY 70
ELECTROLYTEDISTURBANCES 72
DIGITALISEFFECT 74
HYPOTHERMIA 74Acute Coronary Syndrome 75
STAB LEANGINA 75
UNSTABLEANGINA 76
MYOCARDIALINFARCTION 77Heart Failure 88
DECOMPENSATEDHEARTFAILURE ANDPULMONARYEDEMA 89
STAB LECHRONICHEARTFAILURE 92Pericardial Disease 93
PERICARDITIS 93
PERICARDIALEFFUSION ANDTAMPONADE 95Myocarditis 97
Cardiomyopathies 98
DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY 98
RESTRICTIVECARDIOMYOPATHY 100
HYPERTROPHICCARDIOMYOPATHY 101
ARRYTHMOGENICRIGHTVENTRICULARDYSPLASIA 102Infective Endocarditis 102
PROPHYLAXIS FORENDOCARDITIS 104Valvular Emergencies 105
AORTICSTENOSIS 106
AORTICREGURGITATION(AORTICINSUFFICIENCY) 107
MITRALSTENOSIS 109
MITRALREGURGITATION 110
MITRALVALVEPROLAPSE 111