CHAPTER 2. ALGEBRA
101.
~
~
~
N å åN
å
−
= I=~≠MK=
=
102.
O
~ ~ Ä
O
~ ~ Ä
~ Ä
O − O−
±
+ −
± = =
=
103.
~ Ä
~ Ä
~ Ä
N
−
=
±
m
=
=
=
=
2.5 Logarithms
=
mçëáíáîÉ=êÉ~ä=åìãÄÉêëW=ñI=óI=~I=ÅI=â=
k~íìê~ä=åìãÄÉêW=å==
=
=
- aÉÑáåáíáçå=çÑ=içÖ~êáíÜã=
ó=äçÖ~ñ=áÑ=~åÇ=çåäó=áÑ=ñ=~óI=~>MI=~≠NK=
=
- äçÖ~N=M=
=
- äçÖ~~=N=
=
-
+∞ <
−∞ >
=
áÑ~ N
áÑ~ N
äçÖ~M =
=
- äçÖ~()ñó =äçÖ~ñ+äçÖ~ó=
=
- äçÖ ñ äçÖ ó
ó
ñ
äçÖ~ = ~ − ~ =