750
Class declaration(continued)
for compilation unit, 295
syntax template for, 337
Class(es), 6, 19, 34, 46, 50–54, 99
arrays differentiated from, 485
as composite data types, 482
declaring in compilation unit, 295
definition of, 271
derived, 333
and encapsulation, 177, 197
example of in Java, 141
exception, 437–438
filtering, 278–280
frames and importing of, 376
in general sense, 51
as Java construct, 51
from Java library, 25
in Java sense, 271
layering of for Java input, 68
member of, 273
with object-oriented programming lan-
guage, 27, 271
in packages, 294, 315, 316
private member of, 345
public data fields declared in, 290
user, 78
variables, objects, and, 272
Classes, Responsibilities, and
Collaborations (CRC), 275
.classextension, 677
and calculator applet, 670
publicclass with, 667
Class fields, 80, 81, 123
Class field selection, correct placement of
operators for, 511
Class headings, 72
Class hierarchy
and CRC card design process, 328
reading, 333–337
Class identifiers, 348
Class interface design, 289–290
Class members, four levels of access for,
343
Class methods, 80–81, 87, 88, 122, 123, 273,
367
class names used with, 140
hiding and, 365
Class modifiers, 46, 52Class names, 79, 140
ClassNotFoundException, 357, 366, 433
Class objects, 497
Class variables, instantiating instances of,
87
Clear-box (or white-box) testing, 192
and class List, 536
for matrix manipulation case study, 614
Clear button, 414, 417
ClearHandlerclass, CRC card for, 414
Client, of class, 525
CLOS, 271
closemethod, 218, 256
COBOL, 113, 268, 443, 635
Code, 8, 270, 314
comments added to, 64
efficiency of, 174
entering, 75–76
errors in, 276
interpretation of, 14
named constants used instead of liter-
als in, 107
plagiarism of, 302
self-documenting, 299
separating data from, 67
steps for frame used for output in Java,
376
Code clarity, and explicit type casts, 117
Code coverage, 192
Code formatting, 124, 140, 141, 299, 316
Code inspection, 191
codekeyword, 677
Code trace, 240
Code walk-through, 191, 254, 643
Coding, 9, 34
of some floating-point numbers, 595
using positive and negative exponents,
594
using positive exponents, 594
Coding errors, understanding before
changing, 129
Coding the algorithm, 8
Coercions, 116n.1
col identifier, 586
Collaborations, 275, 284, 285, 314, 316
Collating sequence, 50
Collosus calculating device, invention of,
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