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We would like to thank the following people and organizations who generously contributed
the photographs and images found in our Timeline. We also thank the IEEE Computing
Society for publishing their Timeline of Computing History, which proved a valuable resource
as we created a chronology of significant events and developments in the history of computer
technology.Chapter 1
Abacus – Getty Images/ PhotoDisk 2003
Typewriter – Getty Images/ PhotoDisk 2003Chapter 2
Herman Hollerith Tabulating Machine – IBM Corporate Archives
Punched Card – Courtesy of Douglas W. Jones at the University of Iowa
Computer Chip – Getty Images/ PhotoDisk 2003
1924 IBM Logo – IBM Corporate ArchivesChapter 3
Television – Getty Images/ PhotoDisk 2003
Service Technicians – IBM Corporate Archives
George Stibitz – Lucent Technologies Inc. / Bell Labs
ENIAC – U.S. Army PhotoChapter 4
EDVAC – U.S. Army Photo
Grace Murray Hopper (also appears on page 443) – Naval Historical Center
World’s First Transistor – Lucent Technologies Inc. / Bell Labs
UNIVAC Computer Console – Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryChapter 5
EDVAC – U.S. Army Photo
First Silicon Transistor – Courtesy of Texas Instruments
Dartmouth College – © Trustees of Dartmouth College
Sputnik I – NASA PhotoChapter 6
Integrated Circuit – Courtesy of Texas Instruments
John McCarthy – Courtesy of Stanford University
Xerox Copier – Courtesy of Xerox. Reprinted with Permission
IBM 7030 – IBM Corporate ArchivesChapter 7
Telstar Communications Satellite – IBM Corporate Archives
Bob Bemer – Courtesy of Bob Bemer
Englebart’s Mouse – Courtesy of Bootstrap Institute
Electronic Calculator – Courtesy of Texas Instruments