(Mode of Action of Drugs)
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ChapterChapter
9.13
Chemotherapy of
Malignancy
Cancer is a disease of cells characterized
by a shift in the control mechanism which
govern cell proliferation and differentiation
and the anticancer agents either kill cancer
cells or modify their growth. The various
anticancer agents are classified according
to their mode of action as in table 9.13.1.
Chemotherapy of
Malignancy
Table 9.13.1: Classification of anticancer agents.
I. Alkylating agents
Cyclophosphamide (CYCLOXAN) 2-3 mg/kg/day oral; 10-15 mg/kg IV every 7-10 days
Mesna (UROMITEXAN) 20% of a dose of anticancer agent IV
Chlorambucil (LEUKERAN) 0.1-0.2 mg/kg daily for 3-6 weeks then 2 mg daily
for maintenance
Busulfan (MYLERAN) 4-8 mg/day, 1-3 mg/day for maintenance
Lomustine (LUSTIN) 120-130 mg/m^2 BSA single dose orally every 6
weeks
Thio-TEPA (THIOTEPA) 0.3-0.4 mg/kg IV every 1-4 week interval
II. Antimetabolites
Methotrexate (ONCOTRAX) 15-30 daily for 5 days orally repeat after one week
or 20-40 mg/m^2 BSA IM/IV twice weekly.
6-Mercaptopurine (ZYPURIN) 2.5 mg/kg daily
5-Fluorouracil (FLURACIL) 12 mg/kg OD for 4 successive days IV, 10-15 mg/
kg/week maintenance
Cytarabine (Cytosine arabinoside; CYTABIN) 1.5-3.0 mg/kg IV BD for 5-10 days
III. Cytotoxic antibiotics
Dactinomycin (Actinomycin-D) (COSMEGEN) 15 μg/kg IV daily for 5 days
Doxorubicin (ONCODRIA) 60-75 mg/m^2 BSA every 3 wks slow IV
Bleomycin (ONCOBLEO) 30 mg twice weekly IV/IM
Mitomycin-C (MITODUS) 2-10 mg/m^2 BSA IV twice weekly
Contd....