CHAPTER 6 Hildegard E. Peplau’s Process of Practice-based Theory Development and Its Applications 65data) provides a creative nonlinear approach to
the formation of ideas, one that uses the data of
practice, as well as extant theories as the basis
of those formulations. (O’Toole & Welt, 1989,
p. 355)
Peplau’s methodology also linked qualita-
tive and quantitative methods. After a quali-
tative, in-depth look at a phenomenon, a
quantitative study would be developed to test
an intervention directed at the phenomenon.
Peplau’s ideas and approach to nursing were
highly revolutionary at the time; few of her
contemporaries openly embraced her process
of practice-based theory development. It was
not until the 1980s that nursing scholars de-
bated approaches to knowledge development
in nursing, and a rift developed among
advocates of quantitative versus qualitative
approaches.
The use of Peplau’s process of practice-
based theory development as a research
methodology has provided the structure for
developing research in the area of depression
in women. The identification of a clinical
problem and an in-depth look at its etiology,
patterns, and processes directed the design
and testing of an intervention. As interven-
tions were tested and supported in clinical re-
search, the findings were reported to support
the growing body of psychiatric nursing
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