Voltage-gated ion channels
Ligand-gated ion channels
G-proteins
b. Cytoplasmic organelle targets
Mitochondrial targets
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. Nuclear targets
Targeting DNA replication
Targeting transcription
Targeting translation
Targeting mitosis/meiosis
- Non-messenger targets II—Endogenous macromolecules
a. Proteins
Enzyme proteins
Hydrolases
Amidases (proteases)
Esterases (lipases)
Ligases
Carboxylases
Synthetases
Lyases
Decarboxylases
Dehydrases
Oxidoreductases
Oxidases
Reductases
Dehydrogenases
Transferases
Kinases
Transaminases
Enzyme cofactors
Vitamins
Non-enzyme proteins
Abnormal folding proteins (amyloid)
Growth factors (nerve growth factor)
Endogenous proteins from other animals (snail conotoxins)
b. Nucleic acids
c. Lipids
d. Carbohydrates
e. Heterocycles
f. Inorganics
- Non-messenger targets III—Exogenous pathogens
a. Microbes
Prions
Viruses
BIOCHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DRUG DESIGN 189
