21
Chapter 2: Data Architecture
2
Planning Data Stores
The enterprise data architect helps an organization plan the most effective use of information throughout
the organization. An organization’s data store confi guration (see Figure 2-1) includes multiple t ypes of
data stores, as illustrated in the following fi gure, each with a specifi c purpose:■ (^) Operational databases, or online transaction processing (OLTP) databases collect fi rst-gen-
eration transactional data that is essential to the day-to-day operation of the organization
and unique to the organization. An organization might have an operational data store to
serve each unit or function within it. Regardless of the organization’s size, an organization
with a singly focused purpose may have only one operational database.
■ (^) For performance, operational stores are tuned for a balance of data retrieval and updates,
so indexes and locking are key concerns. Because these databases receive fi rst-generation
data, they are subject to data update anomalies and benefi t from normalization.
FIGURE 2-1
Data store types and their typical relationships
ReferenceDB
Data Warehouse
Manufacturing
Data Mart
Manufacturing
OLTP Sales OLTP
Sales Data
Mart
Mobile Sales
OLTP
Alternate
Location
■ Caching data stores, sometime called reporting databases, are optional read-only copies
of all or part of an operational database. An organization might have multiple caching data
stores to deliver data throughout the organization. Caching data stores might use SQL Server
replication or log shipping to populate the database and are tuned for high-performance
data retrieval.
Continues
c02.indd 21c02.indd 21 7/30/2012 4:07:51 PM7/30/2012 4:07:51 PM
http://www.it-ebooks.info