Polysaccharides
A carbohydrate which consists of a number of linked sugar molecules, such as starch or
cellulose.
Palisade cells
In plant leaves, the columnar, chloroplast-containing parenchyma cells of the mesophyll.
Palisade parenchyma
A leaf tissue composed of columnar cells containing numerous chloroplasts in which the
long axis of each cell is perpendicular to the leaf surface.
Pallium
A protective layer of epidermis in mollusks or brachiopods that secretes a substance forming
the shell.
Palisade parenchyma
A leaf tissue composed of columnar cells containing numerous chloroplasts in which the
long axis of each cell is perpendicular to the leaf surface.
Pancreas
In vertebrates, a small, complex gland located between the stomach and the duodenum,
which produces digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon.
Pangaea
The supercontinent formed near the end of the Paleozoic era when plate movements
brought all the land masses of Earth together.
Paramecium
Any of various freshwater ciliate protozoans of the genus Paramecium, usually oval and
having an oral groove for feeding.
Paramylum
A carbohydrate resembling starch that is composed of glucose and forms the reserve
foodstuff of certain algae.
Paraphyletic
Pertaining to a taxon that excludes some members that share a common ancestor with
members included in the taxon.
Parapodia
One of a pair of fleshy appendages of a polychete annelid that functions in locomotion and
breathing.
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