Food Biochemistry and Food Processing (2 edition)

(Steven Felgate) #1

BLBS102-c07 BLBS102-Simpson March 21, 2012 11:12 Trim: 276mm X 219mm Printer Name: Yet to Come


128 Part 2: Biotechnology and Enzymology

Table 7.1.Names, Symbols (One Letter and Three Letters Code) and Chemical Structures of the 20 Amino Acids
Found in Proteins

Non-polar amino acids
Alanine Ala (A) CH 3 –CH–COOH
NH 2
Valine Val (V)
CH–CH–COOH
NH 2

H 3 C
H 3 C

Leucine Leu (L)
CH–CH 2 –CH–COOH
NH 2
Isoleucine Ile (I)
CH–CH–COOH
NH 2

H 3 CCH 2
H 3 C

Methionine Met (M) CH 3 –S–CH 2 –CH–COOH
NH 2
Tryptophan Trp (W) CH 2 –CH–COOH
NH NH 2

Phenylalanine Phe (P) CH 2 –CH–COOH
NH 2
Proline Pro (P)
COOH
H H

N

+

Polar uncharged amino acids
Glycine Gly (G) H–CH–COOH
NH 2
Asparagine Asp (D) H 2 N–C–CH 2 –CH–COOH
O NH 2
Glutamine Gln (Q) H 2 NC CH 2 CH 2
O

CHCOOH
NH 2
Serine Ser (S) HO CH 2 CHCOOH
NH 2
Threonine Thr (T)
CH 2

CH 3
HO CHCOOH
NH 2
Cysteine Cys (C) HSCH 2 CHCOOH
NH 2
Ty r o s i n e Ty r ( Y ) HO CH 2 CHCOOH
NH 2
Negatively charged amino acids
Glutamate Glu (E) HOOC CH 2 CH 2 CHCOOH
NH 2
Aspartate Asn (N) HOOC CH 2 CHCOOH
NH 2
Positively charged amino acids
Arganine Arg (R) HN CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CHCOOH
CNH NH 2
NH 2
Lysine Lys (K) H 2 N(CH 2 ) 4 CHCOOH
NH 2
Histidine His (H) CH 2 CHCOOH
HN N: NH^2
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