Food Biochemistry and Food Processing (2 edition)

BLBS102-c36 BLBS102-Simpson March 21, 2012 18:47 Trim: 276mm X 219mm Printer Name: Yet to Come

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Biological Activities and Production of

Marine-Derived Peptides

Wonnop Vissesangua and Soottawat Benjakul

Introduction

Biological Activities of Marine-Derived Peptides

ACE Inhibitory Peptides

Antioxidant Activity

Antimicrobial Activity

Calcium Binding Peptides

Anticoagulant Activity

Immunomodulatory Activity

Gastrin/CCK-Like Activity

Production of Bioactive Peptides

Enzyme Hydrolysis

Choices of Enzyme

Choices of Substrates

Microbial Fermentation

Chemical Peptide Synthesis

Production of Peptides by Recombinant

DNA Technology

Membrane Technology

Chromatography

Conclusions

References

Abstract:Marine bioactive peptides are known to possess poten-

tial health benefits for humans. Beyond their basic nutritional roles,

biopeptides are involved into many physiological processes in the

living organisms. Many studies have reported that marine-derived

bioactive peptides possess angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE)

inhibitory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, calcium binding, anticoagu-

lant, immunomodulatory, and gastrin/CCK-like activity, which can

be applied as functional foods and pharmaceuticals. Some of these

biological characteristics are attributed to native peptides but also to

those generated in vitro by enzymatic hydrolysis and released dur-

ing processing. The recovery and production of these compounds

from various food sources have been investigated for potential com-

mercial applications in the food, health, and allied industries.

INTRODUCTION

Marine animals are emerging as a leading group for identifying

and extracting bioactive peptides (Aneiros and Garateix 2004,

Barrow and Shahidi 2008, Kim et al. 2008). These peptides have

been described as a source of pharmaceutical products with ben-

eficial effects on humans. Beyond their basic nutritional roles,

peptides are involved in many processes in the living organ-

isms on the basis of their physiological functions as hormones,

neuropeptides, alkaloids, antibiotics, toxins, and regulation pep-

tides. Depending on the sequence of amino acids, these peptides

can exhibit diverse activities with physiological significance.

Many studies have reported that marine-derived bioactive pep-

tides possess angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory,

antioxidant, antimicrobial, calcium binding, anticoagulant, im-

munomodulatory, and gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK)-like activ-

ity that can be applied as functional foods and pharmaceuticals.

Some of these biological characteristics are attributed to na-

tive peptides but also to those generated in vitro by enzymatic

hydrolysis and released during processing. A number of marine-

derived bioactive peptides have been discovered. Nevertheless,

more studies are being performed to explore the sources espe-

cially from underutilized marine processing by-products, their

bioavailabilities and possible physiological function, and their

mechanisms of action. In addition, technological approaches in

terms of production and recovery have also been investigated

for potential commercial applications in food industry, biotech-

nologies, cosmetics, or human health.

Food Biochemistry and Food Processing, Second Edition. Edited by Benjamin K. Simpson, Leo M.L. Nollet, Fidel Toldr ́a, Soottawat Benjakul, Gopinadhan Paliyath and Y.H. Hui.

©C2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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