Nursing Diagnoses in Psychiatric Nursing Care Plans and Psychotropic Medications

Disorientation to time and place. 5. 3. 5. Disturbance in the sleep-wake cycle. 4. 4. Impaired reasoning ability and goal-directed behavior. 7. Misperceptions of the environment, including illusions and 6. Emotional instability as manifested by fear, anxiety, 2. Extreme distractibility with diffiSymptomatology 1. Altered consciousness ranging from hypervigilance to stupor of delirium:The following symptoms have been identifi 8. Autonomic manifestations, such as tachycardia, sweating, withdrawal delirium symptoms.occur in response to taking high doses of cannabis, cocaine, Delirium Due to Multiple Etiologieshallucinogens, alcohol, anxiolytics, or narcotics.ium may be related to more than one general medical condi-Substance-Intoxication Deliriumand substance use.Substance-Withdrawal Delirium.tion or to the combined effects of a general medical condition tion of long-term, high-dose use of certain substances, such as alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics, can result in or semicoma.depression, irritability, anger, euphoria, or apathy.hallucinations.(Subjective and Objective Data)Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic Disorders culty focusing attention.. Delirium symptoms can Reduction or termina- ed with the syndrome. Symptoms of delir-^ ●^55

I ncoherent speech.“Dementia” is defi10. Impairment of recent memory.DementiaDefidementia: (^) tive, executive, and memory function in a state of full alertness (Bourgeois, Seaman, & Servis, 2008). The disease usually has a slow, insidious onset and is chronic, progressive, and irreversible.Following are major etiologic categories for the syndrome of 1. Predisposing Factors to Dementia nedhave been proposed, such as reduction in brain acetylcholine, neurofiatrophy, enlarged ventricles, and the presence of numerous Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type. and genetic factors. Pathologic changes in the brain include Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unknown, but several theories flthe formation of plaques and tangles, serious head trauma, ushed face, dilated pupils, and elevated blood pressure. brillary plaques and tangles. Defi ned by a loss of previous levels of cogni-The exact cause of nitive diagnosis is
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