Introduction to Psychology

(Axel Boer) #1

Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org


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6.6 Chapter Summary

Development begins at conception when a sperm from the father fertilizes an egg from the mother
creating a new life. The resulting zygote grows into an embryo and then a fetus.
Babies are born prepared with reflexes and cognitive skills that contribute to their survival and
growth.
Piaget’s stage model of cognitive development proposes that children learn through assimilation and
accommodation and that cognitive development follows specific sequential stages: sensorimotor,
preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.
An important part of development is the attainment of social skills, including the formation of the
self-concept and attachment.
Adolescence involves rapid physical changes, including puberty, as well as continued cognitive
changes. Moral development continues in adolescence. In Western cultures, adolescence blends into
emerging adulthood, the period from age 18 until the mid-20s.

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