Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
- Damage to the brain may result in retrograde amnesia or anterograde amnesia. Case studies of patients with amnesia
can provide information about the brain structures involved in different types of memory. - Memory is influenced by chemicals including glutamate, serotonin, epinephrine, and estrogen.
- Studies comparing memory enhancers with placebo drugs find very little evidence for their effectiveness.
EXERCISES AND CRITICAL THINKING
- Plan a course of action to help you study for your next exam, incorporating as many of the techniques mentioned in
this section as possible. Try to implement the plan. - Make a list of some the schemas that you have stored in your memory. What are the contents of each schema, and
how might you use the schema to help you remember new information? - In the film “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind,” the characters undergo a medical procedure designed to erase
their memories of a painful romantic relationship. Would you engage in such a procedure if it was safely offered to
you?
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[2] Craik, F. I., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning &
Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684; Harris, J. L., & Qualls, C. D. (2000). The association of elaborative or maintenance rehearsal
with age, reading comprehension and verbal working memory performance. Aphasiology, 14(5–6), 515–526.
[3] Rogers, T. B., Kuiper, N. A., & Kirker, W. S. (1977). Self-reference and the encoding of personal information. Journal of
Personality & Social Psychology, 35(9), 677–688.
[4] Symons, C. S., & Johnson, B. T. (1997). The self-reference effect in memory: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3),
371–394.
[5] Bahrick, H. P. (1984). Semantic memory content in permastore: Fifty years of memory for Spanish learned in school. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: General, 113(1), 1–29.
[6] Driskell, J. E., Willis, R. P., & Copper, C. (1992). Effect of overlearning on retention.Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(5), 615–
[7] Godden, D. R., & Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural environments: On land and
underwater. British Journal of Psychology, 66(3), 325–331.
[8] Jackson, A., Koek, W., & Colpaert, F. (1992). NMDA antagonists make learning and recall state-dependent. Behavioural
Pharmacology, 3(4), 415.