as entranceways and staircases might deserve a specific
sketch, as would windows or railing details in the case of
an architect such as Mackintosh. The general sketch may
relate the structure to its context, showing perhaps how
the building interacts with the pavement that edges it.
The analysis may include a sketch plan or section to
show how the external form relates to the plan of the
building. Drawings help unravel the complex parameters
under which designers operate, making clear their
architectural intentions.
By examining the work of different architects, the
student of design gains insights into the diverse
philosophies in operation. It is evident in the illustrations
included here that while Mackintosh is concerned with
abstract forms and shapes, Thomson is stretching the
classical language almost to breaking point. While Le
Corbusier employs heavy concrete walls to create a
monumental modernity, Gaudi breaks the surface
into decorative flowing lines derivative of natural or
organic shapes.
By focusing upon a specific issue of design, the sketch
should be selective in spirit. It is of little value to strive
to record every detail whilst missing the fundamental
truth. No matter where one lives, there are examples of
good architecture available to help teach lessons in
design. Our accumulated wisdom as designers resides in
the buildings round about us. Both the successes and
failures of design are to be found in most towns, even
those lacking the works of well-known architects. Armed
with an appetite for sketching, the student should gain
useful insights into what has been built, thereby
continuing a tradition. Of course, good design is not a
case of blindly repeating the language of the inherited
monuments, but of inventing new forms by changing the
angle of refraction. The sketch teaches us how to look
and learn from the past without inhibiting movement into
the future.22.13
Antonio Gaudi built several notable
apartment blocks in Barcelona at the
turn of the century. How he composed
the façade around flowing lines is of
interest here.
212 Understanding architecture through drawing