Writing Better English for ESL Learners

18 The Irregular Present and Past Perfect Tenses:

Participles Ending in -en

PRONOUN TO SPEAK TO TAKE

I have/had spoken have/had taken

you have/had spoken have/had taken

he/she/it has/had spoken has/had taken

we have/had spoken have/had taken

you (pl.) have/had spoken have/had taken

they have/had spoken have/had taken

19 The Irregular Present and Past Perfect Tenses:

Varied Participle Endings

PRONOUN TO GO TO FIND TO CUT TO SING

I have/had gone have/had found have/had cut have/had sung

you have/had gone have/had found have/had cut have/had sung

he/she/it has/had gone has/had found has/had cut has/had sung

we have/had gone have/had found have/had cut have/had sung

you (pl.) have/had gone have/had found have/had cut have/had sung

they have/had gone have/had found have/had cut have/had sung

20 The Present and Past Perfect Tenses:

Progressive or Incomplete

PRONOUN TO GO TO SAY

I have/had been going have/had been saying

you have/had been going have/had been saying

he/she/it has/had been going has/had been saying

we have/had been going have/had been saying

you (pl.) have/had been going have/had been saying

they have/had been going have/had been saying

182 Appendix B