56
Part One – THE PENCIL
ISOMETRIC OR PARALLEL PROJECTIONS
To help engineers, architects and designers
give a fuller three-dimensional under-
standing and impression of their ideas and
finished works, other methods of drawing
were developed from orthographic pro -
jection. First came the isometric projection
process, introduced by an English con -
temporary of Monge, Sir William Farish,
which enabled all the faces of the front, side
and plan to be joined together.
Using a specific angle from the 90
degrees angle creates these drawing
systems. For instance, an isometric
projection is always conceived by using an
angle of 30 degrees as shown in the
systematic series of examples on page 57.
You can see in this example we have created
a chair by creating it in an Isometric
projection. There is also a simple example of
an isometric projection shown on the right.
In this example, you can see how a block has
been cut had a segment removed. One can
quite clearly see that all the angles for this
drawing are based on 30 degrees of a 90
degrees angle. Drawings based on this
system were used in the aircraft industry to
assemble aircraft, and they are used by
interior and theatre designers as finished
working drawings that the makers would
work from.
1/Create two ninety-degree angles.
2/From those ninety angles create two thirty
degree angles.
3/Using the same vertical create another
two ninety degree angles.
4/ Now create two more thirty-degree
angles, and then place two between these
angles to create what appears to be the side
edges of a rectangular box.5/At the two top corners of this rectangle
create two more ninety-degree angles, and
from those two angles create two thirty
degree angles that will converge and meet
creating the top of the rectangle.6/One can now fill in the back of the box
consistently using a thirty degree angle as
seen with the dotted lines in this example.
One can also now use this rectangle or crate
to plot an object within this projection
system.