69 Giving directions, instructions and orders
This chapter covers the language of directions, instructions and orders, from basic
forms such as the present tense and the imperative, to others which are less frequent or
more specialized.69.1 Giving directions
69.1.1 The present tense
In the spoken language, directions are commonly given with the present tense, which
is also found in personalized writing such as letters and messages. In the Peninsula, this
seems to be more frequent than the imperative form.
16.1.1.2 (p. 59); 17.1.4 (p. 73);^39 (p. 230)
Sigue usted todo recto hasta el primer semáforo y luego tuerce a la
derecha.
Go straight on as far as the first traffic light and then turn right.
Se baja usted en la próxima estación.
Get off at the next station.
Subes por esta calle.
Go up along this street.
Cruzas aquel puente.
Cross that bridge.69.1.2 The imperative
Directions are also given with the imperative form, especially in the spoken language.
In Spanish, the imperative has different forms for familiar and formal address, so
whichever form one uses will depend on one’s relationship with the person with whom
one is speaking. In formal address, there is a tendency to use the pronoun usted, for
further politeness.
16.1.1.6 (p. 62); 17.13 (p. 81)
Siga (usted) todo recto hasta el primer semáforo y luego tuerza a la
derecha.
Go straight on as far as the first traffic light and then turn right.