CHAPTER 18 DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTS 101
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing:2.Describe Lawrence Kohlberg’s three levels of
moral development, and give an example of
behavior that would typify each level.
a.Preconventional level:Example:b.Conventional level:Example:c. Postconventional level:Example:3.A 6-year-old girl with leukemia is admitted to
the hospital for her first session of chemother-
apy. What insight into this patient’s needs
could be gained from the following theorists?
a.Freud:b.Erikson:c. Havighurst:d.Piaget:e.Kohlberg:f. Gilligan:g.Fowler:4.Identify the stage of the theorists noted below
that the nurse could use in responding to the
following statements made by a 15-year-old
boy who has been admitted to the hospital
following an ATV accident. He has multiple
fractures and several deep cuts in his face that
require stitches.a.Freud: “My dad told me not to
ride that thing. I should have listened to
him, and this never would have happened.”
b.Erikson: “I’m going to be so
ugly with these scars on my face. No girl
will ever look at me again.”
c.Piaget: “What’s the best way to
be sure I don’t lose strength in my muscles?
If I do those exercises you taught me, I’ll be
able to go back to school and play
basketball next year.”
d.Fowler: “I don’t believe in
God. If there were a God, He never would
have let this happen to me.”
5.What role does the family play in health pro-
motion and illness prevention? How has your
family affected your attitudes toward health
and illness?APPLYING YOUR KNOWLEDGE
CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1.Reflect on the nursing plan you would
develop for a 3-year-old, a 10-year-old, and a
16-year-old undergoing heart surgery. How
would your plan differ to take into considera-
tion the age differences of the patients? How
would you explain the procedure to each
child? Give a rationale for each nursing inter-
vention planned. Support your rationale by
using a different developmental theory for
each age group’s nursing plan.
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