Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

DEVELOPING YOUR

KNOWLEDGE BASE

FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS

1.The three distinct cell layers of the zygote

are the , , and

.

2.The stage of the development of

the fetus occurs from the fourth through the

eighth week, initiating rapid growth and

differentiation of the cell layers.

3.The most commonly used measurement

scale to assess the neonate at birth is the

.

4. occurs when a mother forms an
   emotional link to her newborn.


5. is a condition of inadequate
   growth in height and weight resulting from
   the infant’s inability to obtain or use calories
   needed for growth.
   6.The unexpected death of an infant under
   the age of 1 year in which postmortem exami-
   nation fails to reveal a cause of death is known
   as.
   7.A test that is commonly used to determine
   quickly and inexpensively atypical develop-
   mental patterns in infants and children is
   the.

MATCHING EXERCISES

Match the stage of development listed in Part A

with the risk factor associated with that age

listed in Part B.

PART A

a.Neonate

b.Infant

c.Toddler

d.Preschooler

e.School-aged

f.Adolescent and young adult

PART B

1. Hormonal changes cause physical
   symptoms.


2. Communicable diseases and respiratory
   tract infections begin to develop in this
   stage.
   3. Congenital disorders, such as hypospadias,
   inguinal hernias, and cardiac anomalies,
   require surgery at this stage.
   4. The suicide rate is highest for this group.
   5. A mother who smokes cigarettes, drinks
   alcohol, or uses drugs may cause develop-
   mental deficits in this stage.
   6. Accidents, poisonings, burns, drowning,
   aspiration, and falls remain the major
   causes of death in this stage.
   7. Gastroenteritis, food allergies, and skin
   disorders are common in this stage of
   development.
   8. Scabies, impetigo, and head lice are more
   prevalent in this stage.

SHORT ANSWER

1.Write down the age group in which the

following physiologic characteristics and

behaviors are commonly developed. Use N

for neonate, Ifor infant, Tfor toddler, Pfor

preschooler, Sfor school-aged, and Afor

adolescent/young adult.

______ Motor abilities include skipping,

throwing and catching, copying

figures, and printing letters and

numbers.

______ Puberty begins.

______ Brain grows to about half the adult

size.

______ Reflexes include sucking, swallowing,

blinking, sneezing, and yawning.

______ Temperature control responds quickly

to environmental temperatures.

______ Walks forward and backward, runs,

kicks, climbs, and rides tricycle

______ Drinks from a cup and uses a spoon

______ Sebaceous and axillary sweat glands

become active.

______ Height increases 2 to 3 inches and

weight increases 3 to 6 pounds a year.

______ The feet, hands, and long bones grow

rapidly, and muscle mass increases.

______ Alert to environment, sees color and

form, hears and turns to sound

______ Birthweight usually triples.

106 UNIT IV PROMOTING HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN

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