Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

13.Give an example of how the following factors

may present a greater surgical risk for some

patients.

a.Developmental considerations:

b.Medical history:

c.Medications:

d.Previous surgery:

e.Perceptions and knowledge of surgery:

f.Lifestyle:

g.Nutrition:

h.Use of alcohol, illicit drugs, nicotine:

i.Activities of daily living:

j.Occupation:

k.Coping patterns:

l.Support systems:

m.Sociocultural needs:

14.Explain what a nurse in the PACU would

assess when checking a patient in the postop-

erative phase using the following guidelines.

a.Vital signs:

b.Color and temperature of skin:

c. Level of consciousness:

d. Intravenous fluids:

e. Surgical site:

f. Other tubes:

g. Pain management:

h. Position and safety:

i. Comfort:

15.Give an example of two nursing interventions

you would institute for a postoperative patient

to help alleviate the following problems that

interfere with comfort.

a.Nausea and vomiting:

b.Thirst:

c. Hiccups:

d.Surgical pain:

APPLYING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS

1.Prepare a preoperative assessment for the

patients described below. Develop a nursing

care plan for each patient based on the data

collected. Be sure to include preoperative care,

intraoperative care, and postoperative care in

your planning.

a.A 52-year-old man who smokes a pack of cig-

arettes a day is scheduled to undergo heart

bypass surgery. The patient is overweight

and says he rarely finds time to exercise.

184 UNIT VI ACTIONS BASIC TO NURSING CARE

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