Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

Intellectual: knowledge of gastrointestinal elimina-

tion, including hemorrhoids and risk factors for

possible colon cancer

Interpersonal: ability to work collaboratively with

other members of the healthcare team to meet the

needs of patients

Ethical/Legal: ability to serve as a trusted and effec-

tive patient advocate to counsel patients with bowel

alterations

4.What resources might be helpful for Mr. Prescott?

Consults with other healthcare professionals, edu-

cational materials on colon cancer, diet plans to

prevent constipation

CHAPTER 14

PRACTICING FOR NCLEX

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.d 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.c

6.b 7.c

ALTERNATE-FORMAT QUESTIONS

Multiple Response Questions

1.a, c, d, f

2.a, c

3.c, d, e

4.b, d, e

5.a, d, f

6.c, d, e, f

7.c, d, f

8.b, d, f

DEVELOPING YOUR KNOWLEDGE BASE

FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS

1.Patient outcome

2.Informal planning

3.Initial, ongoing, discharge

4.Pain/the problem statement

5.Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)

6.Evaluative

7.Nursing intervention

8.Nurse-initiated

9.Physician-initiated

10.Algorithm

11.Plan of nursing care

MATCHING EXERCISES

1.a 2.e 3.f 4.b 5.d

6.c 7.g 8.b 9.i 10.b

11.a 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.c

16.b 17.a 18.b 19.c 20.c

21.a

SHORT ANSWER

1. a.Teach patient the proper technique and appli-
   cation for an inhaler.
   b.Walk with patient the length of the hallway
   every 5 hours, encouraging her to rely on the
   walker for support.
   c. Teach patient the importance of a well-
   balanced diet and daily exercise; have patient
   monitor daily caloric intake.
   d.Help patient sit up and dangle legs over side of
   bed; gradually help patient to stand and take
   several steps around the room.


2. a.Setting priorities: Before developing or modify-
   ing the plan of care, the prioritized list of nurs-
   ing diagnoses should be reviewed to determine
   whether they are correctly ranked as high prior-
   ity, medium priority, or low priority.
   b.Writing goals/outcomes that determine the
   evaluative strategy: For each nursing diagnosis
   in the plan of care, at least one goal must be
   written that, if achieved, demonstrates a direct
   resolution of the problem statement.
   c. Selecting appropriate evidence-based nursing
   interventions: Nursing interventions should be
   consistent with standards of care; realistic; com-
   patible with patient’s values, beliefs, and psycho-
   social background; valued by patient and family;
   and compatible with other planned therapies.
   d.Communicating the plan of nursing care:
   Nursing orders describe in writing, and thus
   communicate to the entire nursing staff and
   healthcare team the specific nursing care to be
   implemented for the patient.
   3.Sample answers:
   Informal planning: A postpartum nurse learns
   that a patient is complaining of soreness related to
   unsuccessful attempts to breastfeed her infant and
   plans to spend more time with her. A home health-
   care nurse quickly assesses safety in the home of a
   patient prone to accidents.
   4.A formal plan of care allows the nurse to individu-
   alize care; set priorities; facilitate communication
   among nursing personnel; promote continuity of
   high-quality, cost-effective care; coordinate care;
   evaluate patient’s response to nursing care; and
   promote the nurse’s professional development.


3. a.Assess effectiveness of pain medication for
   patient every 4 hours.
   b.Speak to parents of patient to assess their ability
   to support patient.
   c. Assess patient’s room for variety of colors, tex-
   tures, visual stimulation.
   d.Teach patient to perform daily exercises and
   learn to ambulate with a walker.

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