Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

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“I’ve never been much of a drinker, two cups of

coffee in the morning and maybe a glass of wine

at night. Water? Almost never. And I don’t drink

juices or soft drinks.”Analysis of her diet reveals a

diet low in fiber: “I never was one much for veg-

etables, and they can just keep all this bran stuff

that’s out on the market! Coffee and a cigarette.

That’s for me!”Ms. Elgaresta is a workaholic com-

puter programmer and spends what little spare time

she has watching TV. She reports tiring after walk-

ing one flight of stairs and says she avoids all

forms of vigorous exercise.

2.Nursing Process Worksheet

Health Problem: Constipation

Etiology: New medication, deficient fiber and fluid

intake, and insufficient exercise

Signs and Symptoms: Change in bowel habits from

one soft, formed stool daily to one or two hard

stools per week and straining

Expected Outcome: One month after new regimen

begins (5/4/11), patient reports one soft, formed

stool every 1 to 2 days

Nursing Interventions:

a.Counsel patient about the relationship between

diet (fiber intake and fluids) and bowel elimina-

tion, and exercise and bowel elimination.

b.Assess patient’s willingness and motivation to

make lifestyle changes and develop a workable

plan.

c. Reinforce importance of continuing medication.

Evaluative Statement:Expected outcome met—

patient now passing a soft, formed stool almost

every day.—B. Shevorkis, RN

3.Patient strengths: Patient is highly motivated to

learn new self-care behaviors.

Personal strengths: Knowledge of the physiology of

elimination; experienced patient educator and

counselor; excellent role model of healthy self-care

behaviors

4.5/4/11: Patient in for 1-month follow-up. Expressed

delight with effects of new self-care behaviors:

(1) decreased fat consumption and increased fiber

in diet, (2) increased fluid intake—especially water,

(3) increased exercise—four 30-minute periods of

aerobic exercise per week. Constipation problem is

resolved—passes soft stool almost every day—and

reports having much more energy for work.

Progress reinforced.—B. Shevorkis, RN

CHAPTER 39

PRACTICING FOR NCLEX

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.d 2.a 3.b 4.d 5.b

6.c 7.c 8.a 9.d 10.c

11.b 12.b 13.d 14.a 15.d

16.b 17.d

ALTERNATE-FORMAT QUESTIONS

Multiple Response Questions

1.a, b, e

2.b, c, e

3.a, d, e

4.c, d, e

5.a, b, e

6.b, e, f

7.a, c, e

8.a, d, e

9.b, c, e

Prioritization Questions

1.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing:

ANSWER KEY 403

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2.

DEVELOPING YOUR KNOWLEDGE BASE

IDENTIFICATION

1. a.Frontal sinus
   b.Nasal cavity
   c. Epiglottis
   d.Right lung
   e.Right bronchus
   f. Terminal bronchiole
   g.Diaphragm
   h.Mediastinum
   i. Left lung
   j. Trachea
   k.Esophagus
   l. Larynx and vocal cords
   m.Laryngeal pharynx
   n.Oropharynx
   o.Nasopharynx
   p.Sphenoidal sinus
   2.Cuffed tracheostomy set
   MATCHING EXERCISES
   1.b 2.f 3.i 4.k 5.a
   6.e 7.d 8.g 9.h 10.j
   11.c 12.e 13.b 14.f 15.a
   16.h 17.d
   SHORT ANSWER
   
   
   1. a.The integrity of the airway system to transport
      air to and from the lungs
      b.A properly functioning alveolar system in the
      lungs to oxygenate venous blood and remove
      carbon dioxide from the blood
      c. A properly functioning cardiovascular system to
      carry nutrients and wastes to and from body cells
   
   
   2. a.Upper airway: The upper airway comprises the
      nose, pharynx, larynx, and epiglottis. Its main
      function is to warm, filter, and humidify
      inspired air.
   
   
   
   

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