Food Chemistry

17.1 Vegetables 773

Table 17.1.

(Continued)

Number

Common name

Latin name

Class, order, family

Consumed as

Leafy vegetables

39

Watercress

Nasturtium officinale

Brassicaceae

Moderately pungent leaves are eaten

raw in salads or used as garnish

40

Endive (escarole,

chicory

)

Cichorium intybus L. var

.

Cichoriaceae

Eaten raw as a salad, or is cooked as a vegetable

foliosum

41

Chinese cabbage

Brassica chinensis

Brassicaceae

Eaten raw in salads, or is cooked as a vegetable

42

Lamb’s salad (lettuce

Valerianella locusta

Valerianaceae

Eaten raw in salads

or corn salad)

43

Garden cress

Lepidium sativum

Brassicaceae

Eaten raw in salads

44

Kale (borecole)

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Cooked as a vegetable

acephala var

. sabellica

45

Head lettuce

Lactuca capitata var. capitata

Cichoriaceae

Juicy succulent leaves are eaten raw in salads

46

Mangold (mangel-

Beta vulgaris spp.

Chenopidiaceae

Cooked as a vegetable

wurzel, beet root)

vulgaris var. vulgaris

47

Chinese (Peking)

Brassica pekinensis

Brassicaceae

Cooked as a vegetable

cabbage

48

Brussels sprouts

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Cooked as a vegetable

oleracea var. gemmifera

49

Red cabbage

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Eaten raw in salads or is cooked as a vegetable

capitata var. capitata f. rubra

50

Romaine lettuce

Lactuca capitata var. crispa

Cichoriaceae

Eaten raw as a salad

51

Spinach

Spinacia oleracea

Chenopodiaceae

Cooked as a vegetable or is eaten raw

as a salad

52

White (common)

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Juicy succulent leaves are eaten raw in

cabbage

capitata var. capitata

salads, or are fermented (sauerkraut),

f.alba

steamed or cooked as a vegetable

53

Winter endive

Cichoricum endivia

Cichoriaceae

Eaten raw as a salad

54

Savoy cabbage

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Cooked as a vegetable

capitata, var. sabauda

Flowerhead (calix) vegetables

55

Artichoke

Cynara scolymus

Asteraceae

Flowerhead is cooked as a vegetable

56

Cauliflower

Brassica oleracea convar.

Brassicaceae

Cooked as a vegetable or used in salads

botrytis var botrytis

.

(raw or pickled)

57

Broccoli

Brassica oleracea

Brassicaceae

The tight green florets are cooked

convar. botrytis var. italica

as a vegetable