True/False
- Among prokaryotes, there are some that can live in every environment on earth.
Fill in the Blank
- When prokaryotes live as interacting communities in which one population benefits to the harm of the other, the
type of symbiosis is called ____. - The domain ____ does not include prokaryotes.
- Pathogenic bacteria that are part of the transient microbiota can sometimes be eliminated by ____ therapy.
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide other organisms with usable nitrogen in the form of ____.
- Rickettsias are ____ intracellular bacteria.
- The species ____, which belongs to Epsilonproteobacteria, causes peptic ulcers of the stomach and
duodenum. - The genusSalmonellabelongs to the class ____ and includes pathogens that cause salmonellosis and
typhoid fever. - The bacterium that causes syphilis is called ____.
- Bacteria in the genusRhodospirillumthat use hydrogen for oxidation and fix nitrogen are ____ bacteria.
- Streptococcusis the ____ of bacteria that is responsible for many human diseases.
- One species ofStreptococcus,S.pyogenes, is a classified as a ____ pathogen due to the characteristic
production of pus in infections it causes. - Propionibacteriumbelongs to ____ G+C gram-positive bacteria. One of its species is used in the food
industry and another causes acne. - The length of the branches of the evolutionary tree characterizes the evolutionary ____ between organisms.
- The deeply branching bacteria are thought to be the form of life closest to the last universal ____ ____.
- Many of the deeply branching bacteria are aquatic and hyperthermophilic, found near underwater volcanoes and
thermal ocean ____. - The deeply branching bacteriumDeinococcus radiodurans is able to survive exposure to high doses of
____. - ____ is a genus of Archaea. Its optimal environmental temperature ranges from 70 °C to 80 °C, and its
optimal pH is 2–3. It oxidizes sulfur and produces sulfuric acid. - ____ was once thought to be the cause of periodontal disease, but, more recently, the causal relationship
between this archaean and the disease was not confirmed.
Short Answer
- Compare commensalism and amensalism.
- Give an example of the changes of human microbiota that result from medical intervention.
- What is the metabolic difference between coliforms and noncoliforms? Which category contains several species
of intestinal pathogens? - Why areMycoplasmaandChlamydiaclassified as obligate intracellular pathogens?
- Explain the term CFB group and name the genera that this group includes.
Chapter 4 | Prokaryotic Diversity 181