532 INDEX
signal, 11, 316, 381
small-signal modulation, 110
Banyan network, 337
beat length, 35
Beer’s law, 55
bending loss, 58
Bessel function, 31, 494
biconical taper, 346, 351
birefringence, 35, 43, 449, 503
degree of, 35
random, 44, 317
bit rate–distance product, 3, 26, 27, 43, 52,
185, 191, 204, 206, 271, 332,
380, 426, 441
bit slot, 8, 50, 151, 152, 204, 207, 287, 306,
372, 376, 380, 411, 439
bit-error rate, 19, 162–164, 208, 262, 364,
490–497
blackbody radiation, 79
Boltzmann constant, 78, 157
boundary condition
periodic, 309, 430
Bragg condition, 100, 296, 343, 345
Bragg diffraction, 100, 101, 343, 344
Bragg reflectivity, 140
Bragg scattering, 486
Braggwavelength, 103, 247, 293, 296, 313,
343, 344, 391, 416
Brillouin amplifier,seeamplifiers
Brillouin crosstalk,seecrosstalk
Brillouin gain, 61
Brillouin scattering, 59, 201, 304, 506
spontaneous, 59
stimulated, 59, 250, 344, 369
Brillouin shift, 60, 61, 344, 369
Brillouin threshold, 369
broadband access, 338
broadcast star, 337, 350–351
broadening factor, 49, 204
bubble technology, 356
Burrus-type LED, 91
bus topology, 185
butt coupling, 119
Butterworth filter, 505
cable television, 185, 382
carrier diffusion, 98
carrier heating, 110
carrier lifetime, 84, 107, 109, 235, 379
carrier-sense multiple access, 187
carrier-to-noise ratio, 383
catastrophic degradation, 124
CATV industry, 382
CDMA systems, 388–392
channel spacing, 242, 332
characteristic temperature, 108
chemical etching, 102
chemical-vapor deposition
metal-organic, 86
modified, 69
plasma-activated, 69
chirp,seefrequency chirp
chirp parameter, 47, 52, 113, 211, 281, 283,
415
chirped mode coupler, 299
chromium heater, 292
circuit switching, 334, 336
clipping noise, 386
clock recovery, 152, 162, 171
clock signal, 377
CNR,seecarrier-to-noise ratio
coaxial cable, 2, 187, 190, 381
code-division multiplexing
codes for, 388
coherent, 390
codes
bipolar, 390
orthogonal, 389, 391
pseudo-orthogonal, 391
unipolar, 390
coherence function, 50
coherence time, 392, 498
coherent detection, 479–481
coherent lightwavesystems
advantages of, 479
bit-error rate for, 490–497
demodulation schemes for, 487–490
dispersion effects in, 504
field trials with, 510
heterodyne,seeheterodyne receiver
homodyne, 508
intensity noise in, 500–502
long-haul, 508
modulation formats for, 482–487
performance of, 507–511
phase noise in, 498–500
polarization effects in, 502, 504
sensitivity degradation for, 497–507
collision length, 458–461
collision-induced frequency shift, 459–462