INDEX 541
source–fiber coupling in, 118
WDM, 360
optoelectronic integration
for receivers, 153
for transmitters, 123
optogalvanic effect, 374
orthoconjugate mirror, 304
outside-vapor deposition, 69
p–i–nphotodiode, 138
p–njunction, 81, 137
p–nphotodiode, 137
packet switching, 334, 336, 381
parametric amplifier, 249
paraxial approximation, 27
partial soliton communication, 434
passive photonic loop, 338
periodic poling, 304
perturbation theory, 444
phase conjugation, 67, 300–305, 316, 359,
457, 503
phase modulation, 317, 370
phase-locked loop, 374, 487, 488, 498
phase-mask technique, 297
phase-matching condition, 66, 302, 343, 463
phase-shift keying,seemodulation format
photodetector
avalanche,seeAPD
bandwidth of, 136
design of, 136
inverted MSM, 148
MSM, 148
quantum efficiency of, 134
responsivity of, 134
traveling-wave, 141
photodiode
p–i–n, 138
p–n, 137
waveguide, 141
photoelastic effect, 343
photon lifetime, 107
photoresist, 102
piezoelectric transducer, 313
pigtail, 118, 416
planar lightwavecircuit, 155, 292, 316, 342,
343, 346, 353, 355, 376
Planck’s formula, 79
PMD,seedispersion
compensation of, 197, 317–320
first-order, 45
pulse broadening induced by, 45
second-order, 45
PMD parameter, 45, 449, 455
point-to-point links, 183–185
WDM, 331–334
Poisson statistics, 156, 167
polarization multiplexing, 272, 445
polarization scrambling, 271, 333, 467, 503
polarization-mismatch effects, 502
polarization-mode dispersion,seedispersion
polarization-multilevel coding, 450
population inversion, 79–81, 93, 256
population-inversion factor, 230
postcompensation technique, 313
power booster, 231, 263
power budget, 192–193, 384
power penalty
chirp-induced, 210
dispersion-induced, 204, 504
extinction ratio, 169
feedback-induced, 215
filter-induced, 363
FWM-induced, 372
heterodyne-detection, 481
intensity-noise, 170
LO-noise, 500
modal-noise, 202
mode-partition noise, 206–208
phase-noise, 498
Raman-induced, 368
Rayleigh-induced, 248
RIN-induced, 170, 500
router-induced, 365
sources of, 202–217
timing-jitter, 173
XPM-induced, 372
preamplifier, 149, 151, 241, 261–264
prechirp technique, 281–283
preform, 68, 70
principal states of polarization, 317
pulse
chirped, 47, 211, 267, 281, 307, 414
gain-switched, 416
Gaussian, 47, 204, 211, 239, 267, 281,
286, 307, 408, 429
mode-locked, 416
secant hyperbolic, 407, 429
super-Gaussian, 52, 238, 282
ultrashort, 237, 362
pulse broadening