Pediatric Nutrition in Practice

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation 133

2

• The increased nutritional requirements dur-
  ing pregnancy can generally be met by eating a
  wide variety of foods according to the relevant
  government guidelines
  
  
  • Specific supplementation for folate to prevent
    NTD is widely recommended
  
  
  • Recommendations for other nutrients like io-
    dine and iron are more country and region
    specific
  
  
  
  

8 Goodnight W, Newman R; Society of

Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Optimal nutri-

tion for improved twin pregnancy out-

come. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 114: 1121–

1134.

9 Food Standards Australia New Zealand:

Mercury in fish. 2011. http://www.foodstan-

dards.gov.au/consumer/chemicals/

mercury/Pages/default.aspx.

10 US Food and Drug Administration, US

Environmental Protection Agency:

What you need to know about mercury

in fish and shellfish: advice for women

who might become pregnant, women

who are pregnant, nursing mothers,

young children. 2004. http://www.fda.gov/

food/resourcesforyou/consumers/

ucm110591.htm.

References

1 Osmond C, Barker DJP: Fetal, infant,
and childhood growth are predictors of
coronary heart disease, diabetes, and
hypertension in adult men and women.
Environ Health Perspect 2000; 108: 545–
553.
2 Institute of Medicine (US) and National
Research Council (US) Committee to
Reexamine IOM Pregnancy Weight
Guidelines; Rasmussen K, Yaktine A
(eds): Weight Gain during Pregnancy:
Reexamining the Guidelines. Washing-
ton, National Academies Press, 2009.
3 National Health and Medical Research
Council: Australian Dietary Guidelines.
Canberra, National Health and Medical
Research Council, 2013.

4 US Department of Agriculture, US De-

partment of Health and Human Servic-

es: Dietary Guidelines for Americans,

2010, ed 7. Washington, US Govern-

ment Printing Office, 2010.

5 De-Regil LM, Fernández-Gaxiola AC,

Dowswell T, Peña-Rosas JP: Effects and

safety of periconceptional folate supple-

mentation for preventing birth defects.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;

10:CD007950.

6 Hetzel BS: Iodine deficiency disorders

(IDD) and their eradication. Lancet

1983; 2: 1126–1129.

7 WHO: Guideline: daily iron and folic

acid supplementation in pregnant wom-

en. Geneva, WHO, 2012.

Koletzko B, et al. (eds): Pediatric Nutrition in Practice. World Rev Nutr Diet. Basel, Karger, 2015, vol 113, pp 127–133
DOI: 10.1159/000367872